乾隆追与唐人诗歌的研究.pdf

摘要清初诗坛流派纷呈,各放异彩。宗唐者绍继明入之余绪,推崇唐音,不过亦减少了明七子的偏执,宗盛唐,也学中晚唐。倡导宋诗者则在清初崛起,如钱谦益提倡师法两宋苏轼、陆游诸家,黄宗羲、吴之振、叶燮等继起,从而提升了宋诗在人们心目中的地位。此外,如王士稹发扬王孟一派盛唐别调,陈祚明《采菽堂古诗选》和吴淇《六朝选诗定论》以选本形式推尚汉魏六朝诗风,都构成这个时期的独特诗学观。而乾隆时期是清王朝“文治武功”极盛的阶段,朝廷在加强思想钳制的同时,进一步重视文化建设,编撰《四库全书》是标志性的工程。乾隆曾钦定《唐宋诗醇》等鼓吹“忠爱之志”、“温厚平和之义”,实是制定诗歌批评的官方标准。当时的乾隆时期已经达到一个鼎盛的时期,他需要一种体现其盛世的载体,而沈德潜提倡杜甫、李白雄浑宏壮的格调与“温柔敦厚”的诗教正是为表现盛世之音与巩固当时社会秩序所服务的,这与乾隆为什么选择唐诗的论诗主旨是相符合的。乾隆追和唐人诗歌的价值在很大程度上取决于它反映彼时现实的功能。这种功能的实现必定借助于诗文本的语言唤起读者的美感而实现。乾隆的追和诗不仅呈现出儒家思想,更多的是自我意识的折射。诗歌本身是一种微妙而又具有韵致的表达方式,乾隆的多元化思想以及特殊身份所有的独特视角下,追和之作所表达的思想倾向也是显而易见的。这种思想倾向与他的审美趣味密切相关,对当时的清诗坛产生了重要影响。关键词:乾隆,诗歌,追和,唐诗,清诗 ABSTRACT Early thepoetr3 ofQing genres,all Tang Dynast)'!S Jiming people apart from those threads,respected Tang sound,but alsoreduces theMing Seven paranoia,were theTang also learn advocate who riseintheearlyQing Dynasty,as QianQianyi advocate imitating Song Su You,Huang Zongxi,Wu Zhizhen,Ye Xieand other consequential,thereby enhancing theSong position inpeople’S addition,Wang Shizhen forward Meng-pack oftheTang do not tune,Chen Zuo Ming,”Cai Shu Tang Poems election”and WuQi”Six selected poems conclusion ”tOchoose theform ofpush Shang SixDynasties poetry,constitute aunique poetic view ofthisperiod The Qing dynastyQianlongperiod”Wenzhiwugong”heyday of thestage,the court atthesame time strengthening thethought control,greater attention tocultural development,preparation of”Si KuQuan Shu”is hadhandpicked”Tang and Song poetry alcohol”and advocated” loyal love ambition”.”gentle peace ofrighteousness”is indeed an official standard developed poetry has reached apeak during theQianlong period,he needed a vehicle to reflect its prosperity,and promote Confirming theTang Du Fuand LiBai Hongzhuang forceful styleand”gentle” teach poetry flourishing with thesound oftheperformance consolidate the social order Was served, which why thechoice ofQianlongTang Poetry aconsistent theme. QianTang poetr