农户收入差距及其影响因素分析--_--以甘肃为例.pdf

硕士学位论文 Peasant e Gap and its Influencing Factors Analysis ——The case of Gansu Gu Keteng 万方数据万方数据万方数据 I 摘要甘肃作为全国最不发达的省份之一,近年来,随着越来越多的农业劳动力转而从事非农产业,社会就业保障压力增大,农村空巢化等问题加剧,农户收入差距的扩大是造成这种局面的重要原因之一。本文通过比较分析法,从农户收入结构及其变动程度入手,对比了全国和甘肃农民人均纯收入收入结构与变动,并且纵向和横向地对比了甘肃与全国以及其他几个省份各收入项增长率的变动情况,对比发现工资性收入作为甘肃农民收入增加的主要方面,成为追赶全国平均水平的主要动力,农民经营能力不足拖累了整体收入的增长,甘肃农民增收除了积极拓展农民转移就业,增加收入外,提高农民自主经营能力也应该给予充分的重视。从农户收入结构的变动来看,全国不同收入组农户之间的收入结构逐年趋同,从农户收入结构变动值来看,甘肃农户收入变动的程度高于全国水平,说明开始甘肃农民更积极地参与到经济活动中来, 但是值得注意的是低收入者的收入结构变动很低,低收入农户又被社会经济发展边缘化的风险。本文利用2012年甘肃10个县区380户农户调查样本数据,对影响农户收入差距的因素进行了非参数回归分析,发现人口和劳动力结构、劳动力配置方式、优质耕地资源的保有量是造成农户收入差距的主要方面,劳动力整体受教育水平对农户收入的影响不显著。认为提升农民增收能力,重视农业发展,加大对农村农业发展的投入力度是缩小农户收入差距的关键。关键词:农户;收入结构;收入差距;非参数回归万方数据 II Abstract Gansu province as one of the most underdeveloped provinces across the country, in recent years, as more and more agricultural labor force to non-agricultural industries, social, job and security pressure e heavier, and rural empty nest problems intensified, farmers e gap enlargement is one of the important cause of this situation. Through comparative analysis, this paper starts fromthehousehold e structure andthe extent of its change, compares the changeper capitain the national estructurewiththatin Gansu, andlongitudinally paresthe changes in various items of e growthin Gansu with that in China as well as other the contrast, this paper finds that wage e as themain aspects of farmers' e growth inGansu, esthe main driving forcein catching thenational average, and that lack of management capacity of farmersdrags down overall growth of farmers' e. In addition to actively expandingfarmers' transfer of employment inGansuto increase e, improving managementcapacity of farmers should also be given adequate the perspectiveof changes in household e structure, the structure of the national e among different e groups of farmers yearly converge