ABSTRACT As the voltage and current levels increase, the traditional assolenoid style current transformer cannot satisfy the measurement requirements. Optical fiber current sensor as an new power detection equipment, by its unique advantages and has a good prospect in the market. Based on optical fiber current sensor research and applications for background, mainly in reflective optical fiber current sensor in the principle and characteristics of further research. This paper first discusses pared with traditional sensors, optical fiber current sensor has the advantages ,Then, at home and abroad optical fiber current sensor of a simple overview of the state, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different optical fiber current sensor. According to the existing deficiency of optical fiber current sensor, and proposes an reflex of fiber current sensor, improve the sensitivity of the optical fiber current sensor, and analyses the deep theoretical research. First, the detailed discussion on Faraday o-optic effect, then the basis of the principle of using Jones matrix, reflective optical fiber current sensor for a theoretical analysis and calculation, obtained reflex current sensor mathematical model. The influence of various factors sensor measurement accuracy, the overall theoretical analysis, and from the Angle of polarization and from every physical process detailed analysis. Finally, the reflex current sensor model in each device design and choice; To fur