中考英语备考.doc

中考英语备考:主谓一致问题 1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即: 主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如: puter was a great invention .(计算机是个了不起的发明) The water in the glass is very cold. (玻璃杯里的水很冷) 2 、集体名词(如 family, class, team, group , row , police , school 等)做句子主语时, ①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如: Class Three isa very good class. (三班是好班) ②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如: Class Three have a map of China. (三班有张中国地图) 3、 Chinese , Japanese , fish, sheep, people 等表示单个时谓语用单数, 表示许多时,谓语用复数。如: There isa sheep in the yard. (院子里有只绵羊) There are some sheep in the yard. (院子里有一些绵羊) 4、 maths, news 等虽然有 s 结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数: The news is very exciting .(这个消息令人兴奋) 5、 glasses, shoes , socks , trousers , gloves 等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如: The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them. (裤子很便宜,我想买) 6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式, 跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如: A lotof students are playing baseball now. (现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lotof time was wasted on that work. (大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句) 7、 and 连接两个名词做主语时, 谓语原则上用复数, 但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如: The teacher and his son are picking apples now. (老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品) 8、 there be 句型中 be 的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如: There isa table and four chairs in the room. (房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子) 9、用 both … and …连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如: Both you and I are required tobe here tomorrow. (你和我明天要求都来) 10 、主语中含有 with 的短语时,谓语单复数由 with 之前的人物决定。如: A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边) 11、 either …or…或者 neither … nor …连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如: Either you orhe is right. (要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) Neither you nor I am going there. (你和我都不打算去那里) 12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时, 谓语一般用单数。如: Two months isnot a short time. (两个月不是个短时间) Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance (距离)。(两千千米是相当长的一段距离) 13 、主语中含有 half of…/ three quarters of…/ all (of) the …等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如: Over three quarters of the information on the is in English. (因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) A third of the students were playing near the lake. (学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) All of the water in these rivers has been polluted .(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)