Chess Metaphors Artificial Intelligence and the Human Mind.pdf

Chess Metaphors
Chess Metaphors
Artifi cial Intelligence and the Human Mind
Diego Rasskin- Gutman
Translated by Deborah Klosky
The MIT Press
Cambridge, Massachusetts
London, England
© 2009 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any elec-
tronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information stor-
age and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher.
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Printed and bound in the United States of America.
Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data
Metaforas de Ajedrez. English
Chess metaphors : artifi cial intelligence and the human mind / Diego Rasskin- Gutman;
translated by Deborah Klosky.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978- 0- 262- 18267- 6 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Chess—Psychological aspects. I. Title.
2009
'9—dc22
2008044226
Originally published as Metáforas de ajedrez: la mente humana y la inteligencia artifi cial,
© Editorial La Casa del Ajedrez, Madrid, 2005
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To Debbie, Gabriel, and Alexander
Contents
Foreword by Jorge Wagensberg ix
Preface xi
1 The Human Brain: Metaphor Maker 1
2 The Human Mind: Metaphor of the World 29
3 Artifi cial Intelligence: Silicon Metaphors 61
4 plete Metaphor: Chess and Problem Solving 85
5 Chess Metaphors: Searches and Heuristics 125
Epilogue 163
Appendixes 169
A The Rudiments of Chess 171
B Chess Programs and Other Tools 181
C Sites for Playing Chess 183
Bibliography 185
Index 199
Foreword
I’ve been ensnared by chess during two periods of my life. The fi rst time was
when I entered the physics department as a university student. The second
was last summer while I was pondering a metaphor from Richard Feynman
comparing the observer of coffee- house che