初中,高中英语语法,动名词用法详细讲解.ppt

一. 含义动词的-ing 形式是非谓语动词的一种形式,不能单独充当谓语。二. 构成 : 动词原形+-ing :①一般情况,直接+ing; ②以不发音的 e结尾,去 e+ing; ③以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词, 双写这个辅音字母再加 ing; ④以 ie结尾,变 ie为y, +ing ,例: die , dying ; lie, lying. 关键词: -ing 形式具有名词、形容词和副词等词的特点. 2. 动词的-ing 形式由动词变来,所以保留了动词的某些特征,如它可以有自己的宾语,状语等. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. :动词的-ing 形式相当于名词在句中的用法. :具有动词的特征,可以表示一个正在进行的、: doing 为非谓语动词,由 do 原形 +ing 构成,不能单独充当谓语,可以充当 1. 主语 2. 宾语 3. 表语 4. 定语 5. 状语 。 doing 现在分词动名词具有名词,动词的特性具有 adj. , adv. 的特性现在分词动名词宾补状语定语表语宾语主语成分形式√√√√√√√√×× × × 做主语和宾语的肯定是_________ ; 做状语和宾补的肯定是__________ 。 Examples: 1)Seeing is believing. ( 动名词做主语和宾语) 2)Be careful while crossing the street. ( 现在分词做时间状语) 3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. ( 现在分词做宾语补足语) 动名词现在分词 : then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. dreaming for things , however, costs nothing. 五. 用法:小结: : 单个的动词-ing 形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。 : 1) doing 作主语句型: Doing …. + V + O 2)但有些含有动名词的句型,为避免句子主语太长,通常用 it 作形式主语, -ing 形式作真正的主语。下面列举几种最常见的句型: Eg. It ’ s no use crying over spilt (倾倒出) milk. ① It +be +no good /use doing …做…无益/无用 It’ s a waste of time thinking hard about the past. ② It +be +a waste of time doing …做…是浪费时间 The book is worth reading. ③ It +be +worth doing …做…值得 There is no harm in doing so. ④ There +be +no +n. +in +doing …做…没有… 2. 作宾语 (动词宾语和介词宾语) He finished reading the book yesterday . I enjoy learning English. (动词宾语) I am fond of watching TV. (介词宾语) 动词+宾语①只接 doing ②只接 to do ③ doing 和 to do 皆可,意义区别很大④ doing 和 to do 皆可,意义区别不大