小学英语知识点汇总.doc

1. a, an 的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用 an ,辅音字母开头的单词用 a. 2 am, is, are 的选择: 单数用 is, 复数用 are. 人称 be动词 I am You, We, They are He, She, It,某个人( Mike ), 某个身份( My father ) is 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。主语是第三人称单数时用 has. 4. there is, there are 的选择: 表示某地有某物,某人。单数用 there is, 复数用 there are. 5. some, any 的选择: 肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用 any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what ( 什么) who (谁) where ( 哪里) whose ( 谁的) why (为什么) when( 什么时候) which (哪一个) how( 怎样, 如何) how old ( 多大) how many (多少) how much (多少钱) how heavy( 多重)how big (多大) how long( 多长)how tall( 多高) 二:形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时, 需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是: A+ be (am , is, are )+ 形容词比较级+ than (比) +BA比 B更……, 如: I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。) 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: ①一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,②以e 结尾的,直接加 r ,如 fine – finer , ③以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,先改 y为i 再加 er ,如 funny – funnier , heavy-heavier ④双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ☆注意☆比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误: My hair is longer than you. (我的头发比你更长。) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人) ,那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为: My hair is longer than yours .或 My hair is longer than your hair . 比较级专项练****一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg. 根据答句写出问句(1) I’m 160 cm. (2) I’m 12 years old. (4) Amy ’s hair is 30 cm long. 注意: How + 形容词原形。二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) I’m 12 years old. You ’ re 14. I’m than you. (2) A rabbit ’s tail is than a monkey ’s tail. (3) An elephant is than a pig. (4) A lake is than a sea. 三、根据中文完成句子. (1)? 我 ’m than my brother. (2)? 这 棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one. (3)? 你 比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4)? 谁 比你重? than you ? 注意: 当比较时出现了差距比如, 大了几岁、高了几厘米, 重了多少斤时,应将差距放在比较级的前面,如: I am2 years older than you. He is 10cm taller than me. 三:动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有: A、规则动词①一般直接在动词的后面加 ed如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ②以e 结尾的动词直接加 d如 lived , danced , used ③以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y为i 再加 ed (此类动词较少) study – studied carry – carrie