英美国家基本概况重点提炼.docx

2013英美国家基本概况重点提炼 ：
It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. ne, the Prior of St. Andrew's Monastery in Rome, to England to convert the heathen English to Christianity. That year, St. Augustine became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. Augustine was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility, but the conversion of the common people was largely due to the missionary activities of the monks in the north.
Alfred the Great：
He was king of Wessex, one of the seven Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms. It was he who led the Anglo-Saxon to flight against the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime, but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introduced a legal system. He is known as “the father of the British navy”.
Danelaw：
It refers to the piece of land of England under the control of the Danish in the 9th Danish and the Vikings capture York, an important center of Christianity. They could not conquer Alfred and had to stay in the north and east.
The danegeld ：
It was the tax collected in 10th century. When Viking invaded England, the King Ethelred the Unready tried paying the invaders to stay away. The Dane received the money but grew greedier. This marked the decline of Anglo-Saxon kingdom.
Norman Conquest：
The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.
Domesday Book：
It was the first survey of land in Britain under William to strengthen his rule. It aimed at getting taxes. It was one of the important measures adopted by William I to establish the full feudal system in England. Today, it is kept in the Public Records Office in London.
Common law：
It was an unwritte