英语句子结构分析ppt课件.ppt

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练****br/>简单句的五个基本句型
主语+ 不及物动词 She came..
主语+ 及物动词+宾语 She likes English.
主语+ 系动词+主语补语
She is happy.
主语+ 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
She gave John a book.
She bought a book for me.
主语+ 动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补语
She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
( There +be There lies a book on the desk.
主谓宾
名/代--动词--名/代
we-- saw --you.
we-- did --the work.
主系表
名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词
you are beautiful
you seems worried.
you are a stufent.
相同点都三部分,主语也一样. 不同动词和系动词,时态一样,,系动词不用. 表语可以是形容词,宾语不行. 只有宾语有补足语
2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。
如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。
如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)
3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。
如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。
如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。
如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)
有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。
如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。
如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) /
He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) /
The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
8☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。
如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里?)
1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east (名词)    
He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)  
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe.(不定式)
What he needs is a book.(主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old ing here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
谓语(