高考英语阅读理解专题三—主旨大意题.docx

该【高考英语阅读理解专题三—主旨大意题 】是由【菲菲】上传分享，文档一共【5】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【高考英语阅读理解专题三—主旨大意题 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。2016年高考英语阅读理解指导三——要旨粗心题
Don’tgiveupyourwholegardenjustforanattractiverose.
一、要旨粗心题型特色:
要旨粗心题要求在理解全文后________________,____________或许是_________,考
查考生的归纳总结能力。这种题需要______________,抓住文章的______和_____,同时兼
顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题往常以归纳中心、揭露主题、选择标题等形式出现。
查找要旨、标题时,我们要学****辨别文章中__________________的信息,这种信息应能
归纳和归纳文中其余信息所拥有的______。做要旨粗心题时,应采纳_______的方式,跳过
冷僻词,抓住________和_______,快而准地掌握文章要旨。
【例1】Choosethemostgeneralword.

【例2】Choosethemostgeneralsentence.
.
.
-operatedlaundryroomhasanironingboard.

baby-sitting.
【例3】Choosethetitlethatbestexpressestheideaoftheparagraph.

,oraccessto,certaingoods.

thanwanted,,ifthedemandforthose
goodsismuchgreaterthanthesupply,
prefertosellmoregoodsatincreasedprices.

,,HigherPrices
二、要旨粗心题题干形式:
(mainidea):
(1)Themainideaofthepassageis
(2)Thepassageismainlyabout
(3)Thepassageismainlydiscussed
Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?
Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
_________________________(title):
(6)
Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe
(7)
Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
三、主题句的特色:
主题句与文体体裁之间的关系:谈论文和说明文一般有主题句,且一般位于______;而记述文一般没有主题句;
段落主题句一般位于_____________;
主题句所表达的意思拥有_______和________;句子________单,一般不会采纳长句
或构造复杂的句子;
文章或段落的其余句子都是对主题句的进一步________________________。
【例4】Asthey
migrate,
butterflies
andmoths
choosethe
winds
they
wantto
fly
with,andtheychangetheirbodypositionsiftheystartfloatinginthewrong
direction.
This
newfinding
suggeststhat
insects
mayemploysomeof
thesamemethods

insectsweresimplyatthemercyofthewind.
Fascinating
astheir
skills
of
flight
are,
migrating
behaviorhasbeendifficult
tostudyininsectsbecausemanylongdistant
tripshappenthousands
of
feetabove

littlecreaturesatsuchgreatheights.
Totheir
surprise,
though,
the
insects
weren’tpassive
travelers
onthe
winds.
Inautumn,
for
example,
mostlight
winds
blew
from
theeast,
but
the
insects
somehow
sought
out
onesthatcarried
themsouth
andtheypositioned
themselves
to
navigate
directlytotheirwinteringhomes.
Evenin
the
spring,
whenmostwindsflowed
northward,
the
insects
didn’t
always

’tblowingintheexactdirectiontheywanted
togo,
the
insects
changed
their
bodypositions
to
compensate.
Manymigrating
birds
dothesamething.
Thestudyalso
found,
butterflies
andmothsactively
flew
within
the
air
streams
,thescientists
calculated
that
butterflies
andmothscantravel
asfast
as
100kilometers
anhour.
Thefindingsmayhavereal-,migrating
insects
are
growing
in

pests
movecould
help
when
farmersdecidewhentospraytheircrops.
’sthemainideaofthe
text?
.
.
.

Conclusion:__________________________________________________________
【例5】
Iimmediatelyrecognizedthatsomethingwaswrongandrandowntotheedgeofthe
-month-oldcalfstrugglinginthe
fast-risingwateranditwasalife-and-
,holding
herwholebodyagainsttherushingwaterandkeepingthecalfpressedagainsther
.
Therewasasuddenriseinthewaterandthecalfwaswashedcleanoverthe
mother’s

quickly
toreach
it
andpressed
the
calf
withherheadandtrunk(
象鼻)
picked
it
upin
her
trunk
andtried
until
she
wasableto
place
it
onanarrow
shelf
ofrock

would
becertain
death
Iknewaswell
asshedid,that
there
wasonespot(
地址)where
shecouldgetupthebank
butitwasontheothersidefromwhereshehadputher
calf
While
I
waswondering
whatIcould
donext
Iheardthesoundof
amother’s
love.
MaShwehadcrossedtheriverandgotupthebankandwasmakingherwaybackas
fastasshecouldroaring(
吼叫)allthetime,buttohercalfitwasmusic.
?
’sLove



Conclusion:__________________________________________________________
【例6】Whenstudents
andparents
are
askedto
rate
subjectsaccording
to
their
importance
,the
arts
areunavoidably
at
the
bottom
of
thelist
.Music
is
nice,
people
seemtosay,,but
certainly
not
aneducation
priority(
优先).
Thisview
is
shortsighted.
In
fact,
music
educationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.
Musictells
uswhoweare.
Becausemusicis
anexpression
of
the
beings
whocreate
it,
it
reflects
their
thinking
andvalues,
aswell
asthesocial
environment
it
came
from.
Rockmusicrepresents
alifestyle
just
assurely
asdoesaSchubert
song.
The
jazz
influence
that
GeorgeGershwin
andother
musicians
introduced
into
their
music

.
Musicprovides
akind
of
perception(
感知)
that
cannotbeacquired
anyother
way.
(
感情的)

possible
waytodiscoverandrespond
toourworldforonesimplebutpowerfulreason:Noonewaycangetitall.
The
arts
are
forms
of
thought
as
powerful
in
what
they
communicate
as
mathematical
andscientific
symbols.
Theyare
wayswehumanbeings
“talk
”to
each
,
our
curiosities,
ourhungers,ourdiscoveries,
our
hopes.
Thearts
are
wayswegive

donotgivechildrenaccesstoanimportantwayofexpressingthemselvessuchas
music,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.
.
Music
is
animportant
wayweexpress
humansuffering,
celebration,
the
meaning
and
valueofpeaceandlove.
Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
Musiceducationdeservesmoreattention.
Musicshouldbeoftopeducationpriority.
Musicisaneffectivecommunicationtool.
Musiceducationmakesstudentsmoreimaginative.
Conclusion:__________________________________________________________
【例7】Thebestthingyoucansayabouttheroofsofmostcitybuildingisthat
youdon’’sverygood,sinceanurbanlandscape
viewedfromabovecanbeanunlovelything—blockafterblockoftarred(铺有沥青
的)blackrooftops,stickyinsummer,windsweptinwinter,uglyyear-’sthewayitusedtobe.
But
urban
roofs
aregoing
green.
Environmental
designers
havebeguntorealize
that
the
tops
of
buildings
don’t
haveto
bewastelands.
Indeed,
they
canbegardens,
plantedwithgrasses,flowersandbushes.
Aplanted
roof
usually
comesinoneof
the
twovarieties:
extensive
or
intensive.
Theextensivetypeiswideandshallow,withasoildepthoflessthan8inches,
able
to
support
smaller
plants.
Theintensive
type
maysmaller,
but
it
’s
relatively
deeperandhometolargerplants.
Whateverthedesign,
havemultiplelayersbeneaththesoil,includingadrainagelayer,waterproofing,
structuralsupport,andsoon.

BioSciencetells
that
greenroofs
can
control
temperature,
contain
water
andclean
the
air,
Andmostimpressively,
they
cancut
heat
loss
from
abuilding
by50%,lower
air-conditioningcostsby25%,andreducetheurban-heated-
islandeffectby2
°C.
Ofcourse,
apart
from
the
square
feet
greened
andheat
reduced,
greenroofs
are
evenmorevalued
since
people
cangain
somepsychological
comfort
simply
byhaving
,what’sgoodfortheplanetcanalsobe
goodforthespirit.
?

roofs

plantedroofs
Conclusion:__________________________________________________________
【例8】WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublin
onJune13,(友善)thatwastypicalofahappy
,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered“littleof
childhoodbutitspain”.Infact,heinherited(继承)excellenttasteinartfrom
hisfamily——
onliterature,particularlydrama(戏剧)andpoetry.

freshtaskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelateearlytheatrical
experiments,however,’tlose
heart,andfinallyenjoyedsuccessinhispoeticaldrama.
Comparedwithhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuchadmiringnotice.
Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,
generallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodernsensibilitytothem.
Ashisliterarylifeprogressed,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhim
toworldwiderecognition.
,,hewouldprobablynowbevaluedasaminorpoet,forthereisnoother
exampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwhoproduceshisgreatestworksbetweenthe
’sdeathin1939,.Audenwrote,amongothers,thefollowinglines:
Earth,receiveanhonoredguest:
WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.
LettheIrishvessel(船)lie
Emptiedofitspoetry
?
’sliteraryachievements
’sartisticambition

B.


Yeats’shistorical
’snationalhonor

influence
Conclusion:__________________________________________________________
四、做要旨粗心题注意事项:


______,它们能够帮助你迅速掌握文章粗心,

或许对文章
粗心做一个粗线条的认识;
仔细阅读题干,不要把_____________和作者___________混作一谈;
选择最正确标题时,既不可以__________也不可以__________,同时应注意_____________;
采纳______。把注意力放在重点词上,碰到生词尽量去猜想,不影响阅读理解的生
词能够跳过去。依照标记词(____________________________________________等)或高频词
找寻归纳性抽象性的主题句。