【哲学论文】马克思的资本主体思想及其启示初探.pdf.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
马克思的资本主体思想及其启示初探
姓名:王磊
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:马克思主义哲学
指导教师:欧阳康
20090523
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
在全球化的今天,资本已经成为了主体性存在。资本之所以成为世界主体,乃
是因为它不仅是以自我为目的和前提的实体,还是社会关系和价值的创造者。它混
淆和替换了一切自然的品质和人的品质,成为当今世界万物能否生存的根据。本文
第二章从马克思的主体和主体性思想出发,论述了马克思的四种主体思想的含义和
关系,四种主体思想即个体主体、阶级主体、类主体、资本主体,强调资本主体是
人类主体异化的结果;第三章着重探究了资本获得主体性的四个原因:一是商品社
会的历史结果;二是权力产生了资本主体性;三是异化是资本主体的必要条件;四
是社会控制加强了资本的主体性地位,使得资本建立了全面的统治;第四章描述了
资本主体性的六大特征:1、资本主体的性质——“残酷性”;2、资本主体的状态—
—“脱域性”;3、资本主体的外观——虚假的普遍性和永恒性;4、资本主体的创造
性——“价值”设定;5、资本主体的目的——自我增殖;6、资本主体的矛盾——
二律背反。资本主体的二律背反也就是资本的局限性,也是资本主体必然走向灭亡,
人类主体真正得以确立的根据;第五章在现代性批判的视野下重新审视马克思的资
本主体思想,认为马克思的资本主体批判是一种存在论的现代性批判,是对资本批
判的进一步深化,并进而论述了超越资本主体的两种方式——跨越式超越和内源性
超越。本文还初步探讨了资本主体思想和社会认识论之间的联系,认为资本主体思
想可以为社会认识论带来的新的有益的补充,为社会认识论提供了新的研究课题—
—探讨中国的是否存在资本主体问题。

关键词:资本主体性现代性社会认识论

I
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Today in the globalization,Capital has e the subjectivity. Capital became the
subject, because it is not only for the purpose and the prerequisite of the entity, but also is
the creator of social relations and the values. It confounds and replace all the natural
qualities and the quality of human being in the has e the basis for all the
from Marx’s thought of subject and subjectivity,I discuss Marx’s four
kind of subject thought and their relations in Chapter think the four kind of subject
thought include the individual subject,the social class subject,the human-being subject,the
capital capital subject is the result of alienation; In the third chapter,I
emphatically inquire four reasons of the capital obtains the independent: First, commodity
society's historical result; Second, the authority has had capital independent; Third, the
disassimilation is the capital subject’s essential condition; Fourth, the social control
strengthened the capital independent status, caused the capital to establish the
comprehensive rule; In the fourth chapter,I describe the capital subject’s six cha