动名词的用法.ppt

Module Two
语法点的讲练
动名词
Grammar
动名词的定义
它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:(以write为例)
时态
语态
一般式
完成式
主动语态
writing
having written
被动语态
being written
having been written
注意:动名词的否定形式是: not doing/ not having done
You will be punished for not finishing your homework on time.
V-ing形式的构成方式:
,在动词原形后直接加词尾–ing。eg. go – going; do – doing; ask – asking; read --- reading  study – studying; carry – carrying; fly – flying;
worry – worrying;  结尾的动词后,去掉e,再加- ing。eg. come – coming live – living dance – dancing make – making 、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词,而末尾只有一个辅音字母时,将这个辅音字母双写(x除外),然后再加–ing. sit – sitting; run – running; begin – beginning; forget – forgetting –ie 结尾的动词后:须将–ie 变作y,再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die – dying; tie – tying lie – lying
性质
主语
表语
宾语
宾补
定语
状语
动名词
n.
pron.
动名词能在句中充当什么成分?
动名词的基本用法

所表动作比较抽象,或者泛指****惯性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
Climbing mountains is really fun.
注意:动名词做主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在****惯句型中常用。
1)It is no use/ good / useless /worthwhile/dangerous+ doing…
2)It is a waste of time + doing …
3)It is fun+ doing …
4) There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理
5)There is/was no use doing 干……无意义
6)There is/was nothing worse than doing
没有比……更糟的
7)There is/was no point doing 干……无意义
Eg. 1. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收)
is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
is no good learning without practice 学而不实践是没好处的。 is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light . 用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。 is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again .很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题。 is no joking about such matters .这种事开不得玩笑。 is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded .不容抵赖这个事实,中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。 is no littering about . 不许乱扔杂物。
9. 标志语中常常用到动名词的惯用语。
No smoking. 禁止吸烟No parking . 禁止停车
2. 用作宾语
1)作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:advise, a