语言学 language and society.ppt

Language and Society
Language is not always used to exchange information as is generally assumed, but rather it is sometimes used to fulfill an important social function – to maintain social relationship between people.

How does language
relate to society?
How does language relate to society
1)Users of the same language in a sense all speak differently. What each of them chooses to use is in part determined by one’s social background.
How does language relate to society
When we speak we cannot avoid giving our listeners clues about our origin and our background.
语言的社会属性




(1)行话、单位用语
(2)专业用语
(3)术语
(4)隐语
(5)黑话
三句不离本行
How does language relate to society
2)The social environment can also be reflected in language, and can often have an effect on the structure and the vocabulary.
For example, a society's kinship system is generally reflected in its kinship vocabulary.
How does language relate to society
So, metaphorically(比喻地), language is regarded as a mirror of society, through which we can understand society activities of a certain society better.
语言是社会之镜,透过这面镜子,可以更好地展示社会生活的五彩斑斓。
How does language relate to society
Functionally, society provides language with a suitable
context of use, in which we can enjoy aspects of language vividly and truthfully.
社会是语言之根,置身社会语境,可以切身感受到语言使用的方方面面。
Time
Opinions about linguistics
Ancient
Greek & Roman & India
related to philosophy and the society
1930s — 1960s
an independent science ( monistic 一元性,
autonomous pursuit 自主探究性)
1960s — Now
dualistic view 二元观点,
Sociolinguistics appeared
Development of Opinions about
Relationship between Language and Society