ANSI B92.1-1970(R1993) SAE美国渐开线花键-中文翻译完整版0429.doc

翻译:朱晓峰节选至《美国机械工程师手册》第28版,有错之处,请指正。
SPLINES AND SERRATIONS
A splined shaft is one having a series of parallel keys formed integrally with the shaft and mating with corresponding grooves cut in a hub or fitting; this arrangement is in contrast to a shaft having a series of keys or feathers fitted into slots cut into the shaft. The latter construction weakens the shaft to a considerable degree because of the slots cut into it and consequently, reduces its torque-transmitting capacity.
花键轴是一种具有“一系列相互平行的齿、并且齿与轴整体成型”的轴,它与在轮毂上或者装配体上开的键槽相配合。这种装置与“在轴上开槽并且与一组销子或者楔键相配合”的结构相反。后者的结构由于在轴上开槽大大降低了轴(的强度),降低了传递扭矩的能力。
Splined shafts are most generally used in three types of applications: 1 ) for coupling shafts when relatively heavy torques are to be transmitted without slippage; 2) for transmitting power to slidably-mounted or permanently-fixed gears, pulleys, and other rotating members; and 3) for attaching parts that may require removal for indexing or change in angular position.
花键轴主要用在以下三种情况:1)需要在无滑动的联轴器上传递大的扭矩;2)用于向“可滑动的装配组件”或者“固定装配的齿轮组或滑轮副”传递动力,3)用于“要求指定滑移量或转角位置”的配件上。
译注A1:“slidably-mounted”例如球笼式等速万向节,万向节同时能转动一定角度;“ermanently-fixed gears”例如齿轮变速箱。(凡是带“译注”的,表示译者的理解,下同)
Splines having straight-sided teeth have been used in many applications (see SAE Parallel Side Splines for Soft Broached Holes in Fittings); however, the use of splines with teeth of involute profile has steadily increased since 1) involute spline couplings have greater torque-transmitting capacity than any other type; 2) they can be produced by the same techniques and equipment as is used to cut gears; and 3) they have a self-centering action under load even when there is backlash between mating members.
具有“直边式齿形”的花键已经适用于多种场合(请查看“用于软拉削加工成型的直边式花键”);然而,“齿侧具有渐开线形状的花键”的使用正在逐步的增长,原因如下:1)渐开线花键传递扭矩的性能超过其他形式;2)可用加工齿轮的技术或设备来加工;3)在内齿和外齿配合情况下产生的反作用力具有自定心功能。
译注A2:“Parallel Side Splines”指的是矩形花键,文中翻译成“直边式花键”,见《GB/T 1144 矩形花键尺寸、公差和检验》;
译注A3:“SAE Parallel Side Splines for Soft Broached Holes in Fittings”指SAE J499A,一种类似G