Serway- Physics For Scientists And Engineers- 6th Edition- Solution Manual-Part II- Chapter 23-46.pdf

23
Electric Fields
CHAPTER OUTLINE ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
Properties of Electric
Charges A neutral atom is one that has charge. This means that it
Charging Objects by
Induction has the same number of electrons orbiting the nucleus as it has
Coulomb’s Law protons in the nucleus. A negatively charged atom has one or
The Electric Field more excess electrons.
Electric Field of a
Continuous Charge
Distribution When b is nearby, molecules in the paper are polarized,
Electric Field Lines similar to the molecules in the wall in Figure , and the
Motion of Charged Particles paper is attracted. During contact, charge from b is
in a Uniform Electric Field transferred to the paper by conduction. Then the paper has the
same charge as b, and is repelled.


The clothes dryer rubs dissimilar materials together as it
tumbles the clothes. Electrons are transferred from one kind of
molecule to another. The charges on pieces of cloth, or on
nearby objects charged by induction, can produce strong
electric fields that promote the ionization process in the
surrounding air that is necessary for a spark to occur. Then you
hear or see the sparks.
To avoid making a spark. Rubber-soled shoes acquire a charge by friction with the floor and could
discharge with a spark, possibly causing an explosion of any flammable material in the oxygen-
enriched atmosphere.
Electrons are less massive and more mobile than protons. Also, they are more easily detached from
atoms than protons.
The electric field due to the charged rod induces charges on near and far sides of the sphere. The
attractive Coulomb force of the rod on the dissimilar charge on the close side of the sphere is larger
than the repulsive Coulomb force of the rod on the like charge on the far side of the sphere. The
result is attraction of the sphere to the rod. When the sphere touches the rod, charge is
condu