《新编英语语法教程》讲(PPT).ppt

Questions and answers based on the introduction to English Grammar
Lecture 1
Sentence Structure

( —21)
I. Clause elements
Subject ()
Predication ()
Predicate verb
Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object)
Complement (plement, plement)
Predicative
Adverbial
Attributive/ Attribute
Appositive
.
S1: Henry is the most studious in the class.
S4: Jennie’s paintings were judged inferior to Wanda’s.
The experts judged Jennie’s paintings inferior to Wanda’s.
Note 1: Single subject/predicate
S – V
pound subject/predicate ()

S1: The boys and the girls are planning a dance.
S
V
S
S4: Leah jumped on her bike and rode around the block.
V
S
V
S7: Her brother and her sister were very shy and were
really hard persons to get know.
S V
S V
Note 2: Double Predicate
S9:He left home a mere child and returned quite a
different man.
S10: He was a mere child when he left home, and he
became quite a different man when he returned.

S2: A bird fell dead to the ground.
S1: He died beloved, revered, and mourned by
millions of the working people.
S4: --Everyone stood listening intently.
S3: --The doctor sat reading a newspaper in the shade.
II. Sentence analysis

Subject ()
Predication ()
Predicate verb
Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object)
Complement (plement, plement)
Predicative
Adverbial
Attributive
Appositive

Do ,5,9, and 14 ()
Key to the rest of Ex. 1A
句子成分
定义
常用形式
主
要
成
分
主语
谓语
次
要
成
分
宾
语
直接宾语行为、动直接对象(指物) 名词、代词、数词、名词
间接宾语作的对象间接对象(指人) 化的其他词类、不定式、
复合宾语或承授者宾语+其补足语动名词、分句
介词宾语介词+其补足成分
补
足
语
宾语补足语补足直接宾语/主语的意义, 名词、形容词、副词、
主语补足语使其完整,宾语/主语与其补介词短语、不定式、
足语之间有逻辑主谓关系分词、动名词
定语
修饰或限定名词、代词,说明人或物的特性、状态、数量等
形容词、名词、代词、名词所有格、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、
介词短语、分句
同位语
一个名词或代词放在另一个名词或代词后,说明前者,并与前者同指一个人或物
名词、代词、or/of +名词、that引导的分句,等
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、
方式、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步,等
副词、名词或名词词组、介词短语、不定式、分词、
分句
句子成分
定义
常用词类或表现形式
主
要
成
分