（硕士学位论文）基于虚拟样机技术的悬架优化及汽车平顺性仿真.pdf

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
随着生活水平的提高,人们对汽车平顺性的要求越来越高,汽车行驶平顺
性已经成为其在市场竞争中夺取优势的一项重要性能指标。
本文概述了虚拟样机技术用于平顺性仿真分析的发展历程和未来的发展趋
势,介绍了虚拟样机技术建模软件 ADAMS 的功能和求解计算方法。利用虚拟样
机技术,运用 ADAMS 软件,建立包括车身、悬架、转向系统、座椅系统和轮胎
在内的整车多体动力学模型。利用随机路面不平度拟合理论,结合 VB 软件,构
造出适用于 ADAMS 的随机路面。
论文对前悬架的运动学特性进行分析,揭示其运动规律。采用柔性多体动
力学方法,运用 ADAMS 和 ANSYS 结合,对悬架下横臂进行柔性处理,建立前悬
架的刚柔耦合模型。运用优化设计技术对前悬架关键点的位置进行分析优化,
使前轮各定位参数达到比较理想的值。
最后,在悬架性能分析优化的基础上,对汽车进行了平顺性仿真分析,并
将结果导入 C 编制的平顺性评价程序中,客观地评价汽车的平顺性。并以此为
基础对影响汽车平顺性的若干因素进行初步探讨。
整个研究工作以汽车产品的虚拟设计、虚拟仿真分析为主,以计算机编程
为辅,初步实现了在计算机上对汽车系统动力学重要性能的仿真分析,对于在
汽车产品开发过程中缩短设计周期、提高产品质量和降低产品开发成本,都有
重要的现实意义。

关键词:虚拟样机技术,悬架,平顺性,优化设计,仿真
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基于虚拟样机技术的悬架优化及汽车平顺性仿真
ABSTRACT
The fort is required more and more strictly with the improvement of our
living standard. fort has e an important performance index by which
the vehicle eeds more easily in petition.
The paper summarizes the developing process and trend of fort analysis
with virtual prototype technology, and the function pute method of ADAMS
are also introduced. Applying the virtual prototype technology, a whole multi-body
model which includes body、suspensions、steering system、chair system and tires is
created with ADAMS tools. A stochastic road which adapt to ADAMS is created by
road roughness theory and VB software.
The kinematics characteristics and rules of front suspensions are analyzed in this
paper. Using the method of flexible multi-body dynamics, the rigid-flexible model of
front suspensions is established by flexing the low arm with ADAMS and ANSYS
software. Several important suspension alignment parameters are optimized and reach
their ideal values at the same time by the optimized design method.
In the end, on the base of optimized suspensions, the writer analyzes the
vehicle’s fort and puts the results into the program which produced with C to
evaluate vehicle’s fort objectively. At last some factors which influence the
vehicle’ fort are discussed.
The whole research wo