美国增长模式－联邦政策与创业型经济1958－1998.pdf

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mission on Entrepreneurship
American Formula
For Growth
Federal Policy & the Entrepreneurial Economy, 1958-1998
An Initiative of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
4367_NCOE_AMERFORM 9/26/02 8:53 AM Page 1
mission on Entrepreneurship
American Formula
For Growth
Federal Policy & the Entrepreneurial Economy, 1958-1998
October 2002
An Initiative of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation
4367_NCOE_AMERFORM 9/26/02 8:53 AM Page 2
October, 2002
Dear Reader:
American Formula for Growth: Federal Policy & the Entrepreneurial
Economy, 1958-1998 is a thoughtful examination of the public policy roots
of today’s entrepreneurial economy. So much of the United States’ public
policies and cultural dynamics are taken for granted that it is time to step
back and look at how we got to where we are.
Research Starting-Point. This report can serve as a useful research guide
for policymakers, thought leaders, and entrepreneurs who are looking to
develop new policy ideas. It explains that some of the decisions that
American policymakers made—many not in the traditional business policy
arena—had profound impacts on our country’s fastest-growing businesses
and now constitute a unique formula for entrepreneurial growth.
Policy Map. We believe that policymakers need to understand the role these
policies play in fostering a favorable environment for America’s entre-
preneurs and to take care that they do not unintentionally impair this policy
formula with future decisions designed to achieve other worthy goals.
Action Agenda. Moreover, we offer an action agenda in this report—a non-
partisan list of suggestions for policy changes that could actually improve
upon this American policy formula for growth, in five of the most important
areas affecting the entrepreneurial economy: capital markets, research &
development and intellectual property protection, workforce quality,
expanding ma