第 1 章常用资料、数据和一般标准 G1 常用几何体的体积、面积及重心位置(表 G1-1) 表 G1-1 常用几何体的体积、面积及重心位置 体积 V、底面积 A、侧面积 A0、全体积 V、底面积 A、侧面积 A0、全 图形图形 面积 An、重心位置 G 的计算公式面积 An、重心位置 G 的计算公式 p 2 2 V = a3 V = h(3a + h ) 6 A = a2 p = h 2 (3r h) 2 3 A0 = 4a A = pa 2 2 An = 6a 2 2 A0 = 2prh = p(a + h ) d = 3a 2 2 2 An = p(2rh + a ) = p(h + 2a ) 为对角线 (d ) h(4r h) Z = a G Z = 4(3r h) G 2
V = abh A = ab A0 = 2h(a + b) A = 2(ab + ah + bh) 4 n V = pabc 3 d = a 2 + b2 + h2 重心G在椭球中心 (d为对角线) h Z = G 2 4 p2 V = p r3 V = 2p2Rr2 = Dd2 3 4 A = 4p r 2 2 2 n An = 4p Rr = p Dd 重心G与球心重合重心G在圆环中心
2 V = p r 3 3 V=pr2h 2 A = p r A0=2prh 2 A0 = 2p r An=2pr(r+h) 2 An = 3p r h ZG= 3 2 Z G = r 8 2 (续) 体积 V、底面积 A、侧面积 A0、全面积体积 V、底面积 A、侧面积 A0、全面积 图形图形 An、重心位置 G 的计算公式 An、重心位置 G 的计算公式 h V = (2ab + ab + a b + 2a b ) 6 1 1 1 1 2 2 V = ph(R r ) A1 = a1b1 A = p(R 2 r 2 ) A = ab 1 A = 2ph(R + r) A = [(b + b) 4h2 + (a a )2 0 0 2 1 1 An = 2p(R + r)(R r + h) + (a + a) 4h2 + (b b )2 ] h 1 1 ZG = An = A + A1 + A0 2 h(ab + ab1 + a1b + 3a1b1) ZG = 2(2ab + ab1 + a1b + 2a1b1) p 2 2 1 3 V = h(R + r + Rr) V = Ah = a 2 h 3 3 2 A0 = pl(R + r) 3 3 A = a 2 2 2 2 An = p(R + r ) + A0 3 A = a 4l 2 a 2 l = (R r)2 + h2 0 2 An = A + A0 h(R2 + 2Rr + 3r 2 ) Z = h G 2 2 Z = 4(R + Rr + r ) G 4 2 hA é a æ a ö ù V = ê1+ 1 + ç 1 ÷ ú 3 ê a ç a ÷ ú ë è ø û 1 2 V = pr h 3 3 2 3 A1 = a 2 1 A = pr 2 3 3 2 A0 = prl A = a 2 An = pr (r + l) A0 = 3g(a1 + a) l = r 2 + h 2 An = A +A1+A0 h Z = 2 2 G 4 h(a + 2a1a + 3a ) Z = 1 G 2 2 4(a + a1a + a ) 1 (A1为顶面积,g为斜高) 1 3 3 V = abh V = a2h 3 2 A = ab 3 3 2 1 2 2 A = a A = (b 4h + a 2 0 2 A = 6ah 2 2 0 + a 4h + b ) 2 An = 3 3a + 6ah 1 2 2 An = ab + (b 4h + a 2 d = h2 + 4a 2