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第八章船舶污染损害赔偿第一节绪论一、船舶污染海洋环境数据1. ,,spillsaregenerallycategorisedbysize,<7tonnes,7-700tonnesand>,000incidents,thevastmajorityofwhich(82%).<,informationfrompublishedsourcesgenerallyrelatestolargespills,oftenresultingfromcollisions,groundings,structuraldamage,firesandexplosions,,(>700tonnes)hasdecreasedsignificantlyduringthelast40years,suchthattheaveragenumberofmajorspillsforthedecade(2000-2009)isaboutthree. Mostnotably,forthefirsttimesinceITOPFbegancollatingtankerspillstatistics,thenumberofmajoroilspillsinvolvingtankersreachedzeroin2009. Theaverageforthe2000sislessthanhalfoftheaverageforthe1990sandjustaneighthoftheaverageforthe1970s. Thesameistrueformediumsizedspillsfromtankers(7-700tonnes)urringinthelastdecadewas14,,itisnotablethatthenumberoflargespillsinthe1970sismorethanahalfofallthespillsrecordedinthe40yearsbetween1970and2009. Furthermore,%:Numberofspillsover7tonnes19707291971181419905014199130719724827197328321974892819759623197667271977681719785921197960351980521319815471982454198352131984268198531819862871987271019881110198933131992311019933111199426919952031996203199728101998266199920620002042001173200213320031542004165200522420061352007134200881200930Figure1:Numbersofspillsover700tonnesFigure2:Numberofmediumsized(7-700T)andlarge(>700T)

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