材料专业常用术语英语单词表.docx

Unit1property(材料的)ponent组元,onstant介电常数electricfield电场thermalbehavior热学行为heatcapacity热容thermalconductivity热传导(导热性)icradiation电磁辐射lightradiation光辐射indexofrefraction折射率reflectivity反射率deteriorativecharacteristics劣化特性processing加工performance性能linear线性的integratedcircuitchip集成电路芯片strength强度ductility延展性deterioration恶化,劣化mechanicalstrength机械强度elevatedtemperature高温corrosive腐蚀性的fabrication制造Unit2chemicalmakeup化学组成atomicstructure原子结构advancedmaterials先进材料high-technology高技术smartmaterials智能材料nanoengineeredmaterials纳米工程材料metallicmaterials金属材料nonlocalizedelectrons游离电子conductor导体electricity电heat热transparent透明的visiblelight可见光polished抛光的surface表面lustrous有光泽的aluminum铝silicon硅alumina氧化铝silica二氧化硅oxide氧化物carbide碳化物nitride氮化物dioxide二氧化物clayminerals黏土矿物porcelain瓷器cement水泥mechanicalbehavior力学行为ceramicmaterials陶瓷材料stiffness劲度strength强度hard坚硬brittle脆的fracture破裂insulative绝缘的resistant耐……的resistance耐力,阻力,电阻molecularstructures分子结构chain-like链状backbone骨架carbonatoms碳原子lowdensities低密度mechanicalcharacteristics力学特性inert隋性synthetic(人工)合成的fiberglass玻璃纤维polymeric聚合物的epoxy环氧树脂polyester聚酯纤维carbonfiber-posite碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料glassfiber-reinforcedmaterials玻璃纤维增强材料high-strength,low-densitystructuralmaterials高强度低密度结构材料solarcell太阳能电池hydrogenfuelcell氢燃料电池catalyst催化剂nonrenewableresource不可再生资源Unit3periodictable(元素)umber原子序数proton质子atomicweight原子量neutron中子negativelychargedelectrons带负电的电子shell壳层magnesium镁chemicalbonds化学键partially-filledelectronshells未满电子壳层bond成键metallicbond金属键nonmetalatoms非金属原子covalentbond共价键ionicbond离子键Unit4physicalproperties物理性质chemicalproperties化学性质flammability易燃性corrosion腐蚀oxidation氧化oxidationresistance抗氧化性vapor(vapour)蒸汽,蒸气,汽melt熔化solidify凝固vaporize汽化,elerationofgravity重力加速度temperaturedependent随温度而变的,与温度有关的grams/entimeter克每立方厘米kilograms/cubicmeter千克每立方米grams/milliliter克每毫升grams/ic铁磁性的non-ferrousmetals非铁金属,有色金属brass黄铜ferrous含铁的ferrousmetals含铁金属,黑色金属relativepermeability相对磁导率transformer变压器,变换器eddycurrentprobe涡流探针Unit5hardness硬度impactresistance耐冲击性fracturetoughness断裂韧度,断裂韧性structuralmaterials结构材料anisotropi