语言学树形图.pdf

树形图详细讲解
1. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences.
a) The old lady suddenly left.
Det A N Qual V
b) The car stopped at the end of the road.
Det N V P Det N P Det N
c) The snow might have blocked the road.
Det N Aux Aux V Det N
d) He never appears quite mature.
N Qual V Deg A

2. The following phrases include a head, plement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for
each.
a) full of people
AP

A P N

full of people

b) a story about a sentimental girl
NP

NP PP

Det N P NP

Det A N


a story about a sentimental girl
c) often read detective stories
VP

Qual V NP

A N


often read detective stories
d) the argument against the proposals
NP

NP PP

Det N P NP

Det N


the argument against the proposals
e) move towards the window
VP

V PP

P Det N
move towards the window
3. Draw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences.
a) The jet landed.
InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP

Det N Pst V
The jet landed
b) Mary became very ill.
InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP

N Pst V AP

Deg A
Mary became very ill
c) What will you talk about?
CP

NP C S

N Infl NP Infl VP

VP NP

V P N

What will you e talk about e


d) The apple might hit the man.
S

NP VP

Det N Aux V NP

Det N

The apple might hit the man

2
OR
InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP

Det N V NP

Det N

The apple might hit the man

e) He often reads detective stories.
S

NP VP

N Qual V NP

A N

He often reads etective stories

OR
InflP(=S)

NP Infl VP
Present
N Qual V NP

A N

He often reads etective stories

4. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then
draw the tree structures.
a) A frightened passenger land