论清末河南新政和河南社会经济.pdf

A b str a C t
T h e Q in g D yn asty w as eom P elled to reform as th e situation 15 seriou s in Iate Q in g
P erio d ,an d it in e lu d e d a lo t,su e h a s P o litie s,e e o n o m y,c u ltur e ,m ilita r}、e d u e atio n an d 50
on ,th e reform h ad an im P ortan t imP act on the late Q in g,5 h e im P lem entation of
the n ew Policies adoPted by the Q ing D ynasty tow ard s H enan P rov in ee that had resu lted
in m an y c h an g e s in H e n a n P ro v in e e . T h e P aP e r so rts o ut the n e w P o lic ie s ad o P te d b y the
Q in g D yn asty tow ards H enan P rov inee th orou gh ly,esP ecially th e n ew P olieies in both
so e ie ty an d e e o n o m y, an d the P aP er d ise u sse s th e in flu e n c e o n so c ie ty in H e n an
P ro v in e e .
T h e P aP e r 15 d iv id e d in to thr e e P a rts :
T h e first P a rt in tro d u c e s th e so c io 一e e o n o m ie in H e n an P ro v in e e b e fore th e
im Plem entation of th e new Policies adoPted by the Q in g D yn asty in late Q ing P eriod .
U n d e r th e in flu e n e e o f e aP ita lism ,th e n atu ra l e e o n o m y h a d tre n d e d to d isin te g ratio n in
H e n an . D u rin g th is P e rio d ,th e P e o P le b a sie a lly h a d b e e n liv in g in the feu d a l m o d e o f
P ro d u etio n y e t. F arm e r h a d b e e n n o t o n ly e x P lo ite d b y th e w a y o f feu d a l re n t a n d u su ry,
b u t a lso P re sse d b y th e w a y o f th e w a g e一la b o r. A lth o u g h th e re latio n shiP s o f la n d o wn e rs
o wn in g la n d h a d e h an g e d ,th e y still h a d a c o n sid e rab le n u m b e r o f lan d . C o rru P tio n o f
O ffi e ia ls n o t o n ly h a d in e re a se d th e b u rd e n o n th e P e o P le ,b u t a lso h a d e a u se d th e
re e e ssio n in th e a g rie u ltu ra l e e o n o m y .
T h e seeond P art introduees the m ajor Policies adoPted by the Q ing D ynasty
tow ard s H en an P rov in ce in late Q in g P eriod an d th eir im P le