雅思英语语法讲义.doc

雅思英语语法材料第一章谓语动词第一讲时态一、时态表格(一)一般(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)一般现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主is/are+…主v原/v单三+…主was/were+…主v-ed+…主be+v-ing主will/shall+v原…主is/aregoingtov:打算一般现在(主将从现)主beabouttodosth马上主will+be+doingsth将要主would/should+v原…主was/weregoingto+v原否定句式主is/arenot+…主don’t/doesn’t+v原+…主was/werenot…主didn’t+v原…主be+not+v-ing主won’t/shallnot+v原主is/arenotgoingto+v原主Was/Werenotgoingto+v原主would/shouldnot+v原+…/疑问句式Is/Are主+…?Do/Does主+v原?Was/were主…?Did主+v原?Be主v-ing+…?Will/Shall主+v原?Is/Are主+v原?Would/Should主v原+…?Was/were主goingto+v原?意义重复****惯;状态,客观;频度,次数;列车、航班动作已经完成;描述一系列动作;过去****惯将来计划、明确安排;预测、尚未安排、可能;考虑打算、事实预测过去谈论将来标志性的时间状语频度副词:always,often,rarely,usually,sometimes,seldom;once/twice/three/four+次数;everyevening/dayweek/month/yearyesterday;lastnight/week/monthseason/year;…ago;justnow;介词+过去的week/month/season/year/centuryWhen,assoonas,after,before,until,aslongas;tomorrow…;next…;in+表示将来的week/month/season/year…thenext…时态“三字经”:现在时,并不难;表重复,表****惯;表状态,表客观;有频度,有次数;看主语,定单三。(二)(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)进行进行现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主is/are+v-ing主was/were+v-ing主will/shallbe+v-ing…主would+v原…主was/weregoingto+v原否定句式主is/arenot+v-ing主was/werenot+v-ing…主won’tbe+v-ing…主Was/Werenotgoingto+v原主wouldn’t+v原/疑问句式Is/Are主+v-ing…?Was/were主+v-ing…?Will主be+v-ing…?Would主+v原?Was/were主goingto+v原?意义说话时正在发生的状态;目前正在进行的工作为过去某一动作提供场景将来进行着的动作;纯粹的将来计划或安排过去谈论将来进行着的动作标志性的时间状语now;atthemoment,currently,presently,atpresent,thisweekmonth/yearwhen,while,asbythistimetomorrow…bthattime;thenextday(三)(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)完成完成现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主has/have+v-ed…主had+v-ed…主willhave+v-ed…主wouldhave+v-ed…否定句式主has/havenotv-ed…主hadnot+v-ed…主+won’thave+v-ed主wouldn’thave+v-ed…疑问句式Has/Have主+v-ed…?Had主+v-ed…?Will主have+v-ed?Would主have+v-ed…?意义过去动作持续到现在;过去动作影响到现在过去某时之前发生的动作将来某时之前完成的动作过去将来某时之前完成的动作标志性的时间状语for+时间段,since+时间点;Ever,never,just,already,yet;before,tillnow,when,assoonas,bythetime…,after;nosooner…than…,hardly…when…Before,by+固定时间;in+某段时间Before,by+固定时间;in+某段时间(四)(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)完成进行完成进行现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主has/havebeen+v-ing…主hadbeen+v-ing…主willhavebeen+v-ing…主wouldhave+been+v-ing…否定句式主has/havenotbeen+v-ing…主hadnotb