Vertical Density Representations and Its Applications.pdf

Vertical Density
Representation and
Its Applications
This page intentionally left blank
Vertical Density
Representation and
Its Applications
Marvin D Troutt
Kent State University, USA
W K Pang
S H Hou
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
rpWorld Scientific
-
NEW JERSEY * LONDON * SINGAPORE * SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI BANGALORE
Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA ofice: Suite 202, 1060 Main Street, River Edge, NJ 07661
UK ofice: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-PublicationData
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
VERTICAL DENSITY REPRESENTATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Copyright 0 2004 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereox may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval
system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright
Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to
photocopy is not required from the publisher.
ISBN 981-238-693-9
Printed in Singapore by World Scientific Printers (S) Pte Ltd
Dedications
To the memory of my Mother, to my Father, to Mark, Marleen and
Andrew, and to Helen.
To my parents, to my wife, Sui-Ching, to Wai-Ying and Chun-Yan.
To my parents and my family.
MDT, WKP, SHH
Preface
Since the first paper related to Vertical Density Representation (VDR)
appeared in 1991 several papers have been published and work continues
on the topic. VDR arose in connection with the analysis of performance
measurement. Consideration of the Box-Muller method for generation of
normal variates led to a questio