TOEFL阅读与写作.doc

阅读与写作部分
第一课时
第一节
主题题型
十四种
推理题
全文态度题
全文结论题
段落结论题
从句
插入语
同位语
平行结构
结论题
结构题
定义题
举例子说明概述题
列举题
类比题
行数题
前后文延续题
指代题
词汇题
细节题
题型――
TOEFL一共分为三个部分:听力,语法,阅读
托福作文:满分6分,。
弱点:


根据错误率而不是绝对错误进行判分
听力阅读语法
满分 68分 67分 68分
错14个错4个错2个
(53分+ 62分+ 65分)*10/3=600分
总共错<=20
far from more than just
三个原则:词汇当先,熟练方法,认真复习
四种能力:词汇,题型,解法,寻找
一共14种题型。
第二节
托福阅读词汇要求9000
背单词:满足“面”,满足“点”
lumber,slumber(睡眠)
七个最难:s t c d e I p
七个最简单:q u v w x y z
comparable-similar
save-except(完全性排除) short of
resource-power
upset-overwhelm end 推翻,颠覆
end――upset, goal
faculty-ability 能力
raw――uncooked raw meat
unprocessed raw data
picture
picture it out

第三节
本节讲的是托福阅读文章的特点
托福阅读文章都是由学术体的语言组成的,学术性议论文。
出题顺序与文章议论顺序严格一致
文章的出题原则
P16,25题
Although only I person in 20 in the Colonial period lived in a city, the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America. They were at the cutting edge of social change. It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared—the use of money mercial paper in place of barter, petition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coal or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools. "The cities predicted the future," wrote historian Gary B. Nash, "even though they were but overgrown pared to the great urban centers of
Europe, the Middle East. and China."
Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16,000 in 1760, cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century. In the fifteen years prior to the outbreak of the War for Independence in 1775, more than 200,000 immigrants arrived on North American shores. This meant that a population the size of Boston was arriving every years, and most of it flowed into the port cities in the Northeast. Philadelphia's population nearly