石油工程专业英语-采油技术基础（Production Technology）.ppt

Lesson 3
Production Technology

Surface production Facilities
Field Examples of Production Systems
System Performance
Introduction
Introduction
Now let’s consider the well as part of a dynamic production system. Wells are drilled and logged, maps are revised, and the reservoir begins to take shape as a volume having certain dimensions. (Big ones, hopefully!) But once production begins, the reservoir is only a part of a larger system that includes the reservoir, wellbore, tubing string, artificial lift equipment, surface control devices, gathering lines, separators, treaters, tanks, and metering devices.
计量装置
All of these elements behave according to their own specific performance relationships, but each, in turn, also depends upon and influences the other elements. Production engineers are concerned with the interaction of these performance relationships as production occurs over time, anticipating performance changes and designing the system to maximize recovery of oil and gas economically.
Introduction
This chapter outlines production system equipment, starting with pleted well and moving along the flow path through the surface facilities.
The same path is then retraced, but this time focusing on the dynamic flowing performance relationships that govern fluid movement through the system.
地面设备
Introduction

Together with the cement sheath holding it in place, the casing performs several important function:
 supporting the sides of the hole;
 munication of fluids and pressures between shallow and deep formations;
 allowing for control of pressures;
 providing a base for surface and subsurface equipment.
水泥环
A cross section of a typical casing installation is shown in figure . The number of concentric “strings”, their relative sizes and strengths, the setting depths, and cementing techniques will vary according to the depth and drilling program for the well. The conductor prevents the surface h