冲击2010年中考英语精品复习资料语法基础四.doc

【冲击2010年中考英语精品复****资料】语法基础四
非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)

爬山是一项好运动。

Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用)

你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗?

He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)

他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。

谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:

3) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

Miss Mary teaches us English.

玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)

came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.

维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。

(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)

4) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

Larke likes the pop music.

拉克喜欢流行音乐。

(动词用单数第三人称形式)

Larke has nothing to do today.

拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)

非谓语动词的特征:

3 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语。

Studying English is my favorite.

学****英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)

To help him is my duty.

帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)

4 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。

Working under such a condition is terrible.

在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。

(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)

It's too difficult for him to master

English in such a short time.

他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。

(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)

5 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.

对不起让你久等了。

(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)

Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

从山上看