谈疑问词 动词不定式的用法.docx

谈疑问词＋动词不定式 的用法
在英语中，疑问词

+动词不定式的用法较为普遍，现在将其归纳如下

:
“疑问词

+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词

what which who

和疑问副词
when how where 等。这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构在句子中除了
不能作谓语外，可做主语、宾语、表语等。例如：
1. She didn ’ t know which bus to take. 她不知乘哪路公共汽车。（做动词宾语）
We must first solve the problem of whom to serve. 我们必须首先解决为谁服务的
问题。（做介词宾语）
2.
When to start remains undecided.
何时出发，尚未决定。（做主语）
3.
The difficulty is how to do the most of work with the least of money.
困难
是如何尽量少用钱多办事。（做表语）
这种结构相当于一个名词从句， 不论它在句子中做什么成分， 常常都可用同等成分的从
句替代。改为从句时只要在疑问词后面填加一个适当的主语并将不定式动词改为适当形式的
谓语既可。所以上述几句可分别改成：
She didn ’ t know which bus she should take.
We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve.
When we should start remains undecided.
The difficulty is how we ought to do the most of word with the least of money.
当这种结构做宾语的时候，常常置于 show, find out, learn, teach, tell, advise,
wonder, know, discuss, remember, forget, explain 等动词之后。例如：
The dictionary didn ’t tell the Frenchman how to pronounce the word .
那本词典没有告诉那个法国人怎样读那个词。
The teacher showed us how to read a book. .
老师指点我们怎样读书。
She hore I ’ ll advise her which to choose.
她希望我建议她选择哪一个。
You’ d better find out whe