镍基高温合金高速车削研究.pdf

南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
镍基高温合金高速车削研究
姓名:刘海滨
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:机械制造及其自动化
指导教师:徐九华
20070101
南京航空航天大学硕士论文
摘要
镍基高温合金具有硬质点多、导热性极差的特点,非常难以进行切削加工,
如何提高镍基高温合金的切削加工性能一直是航空航天以及其它制造行业迫切
需要解决的问题。本文对镍基高温合金 GH4169 进行了高速车削试验研究。
运用不同形状和材质陶瓷刀具对 GH4169 进行粗加工切削试验,优化了切削
参数和冷却润滑条件,并建立了典型陶瓷刀具的耐用度经验公式。试验结果表
明,KY4300 圆形陶瓷刀具在相同的切削条件下耐用度最高。使用硬质合金刀具
和 KY4300 圆形陶瓷刀具对 GH4169 进行了精加工试验,比较了切削参数和冷却
润滑条件对已加工表面质量的影响。
对陶瓷刀具和硬质合金刀具高速切削 GH4169 时的刀具磨损形态和磨损原
因进行了深入研究。刀具的磨损是磨料磨损、粘结磨损、微崩刃与剥落以及扩
散磨损相互作用的结果。
对陶瓷刀具沟槽磨损的原因进行了探讨和试验研究。证明了实际的切深线
位于理论切深线之外,切屑的毛边和工件的毛刺的高频冲击是引起沟槽磨损的
重要原因。切屑毛边的形态与切削速度有较大的关系,切削速度较高时,切屑
毛边的形态均匀且长度较短,沟槽磨损较为严重;切削速度较低时,切屑毛边
长短不一,沟槽磨损较小,刀具剥落严重。


关键词:镍基高温合金,高速切削,沟槽磨损,表面粗糙度,切屑

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镍基高温合金高速车削研究
ABSTRACT
Nickel-based alloy is one of the most difficult-to-machine materials because of
hard particle, low thermal conductivity. How to improve the machinability of
nickel-based alloy is a very urgent problem in aircraft, spacecraft and other
manufacturing experimental research on high-speed turning of
Nickel-based alloy GH4169, has been carried out in the current investigation.
The ceramic tools were used in rough machining of GH4169. Cutting parameters
and cooling/lubrication conditions were optimized. Then empirical equation of tool
life was established. The result indicated that round ceramic tool KY4300 showed the
longest tool life in the same cutting condition. Then the ceramic tool and cemented
carbide tool were used in finishing machining of GH4169. The surface roughness
produced with different cutting parameters and in cooling/lubrication conditions was
compared.
The thorough investigation was made on the tool wear form and wear
mechanism in high-speed cutting. The major wear mechanisms were abrasive wear,
adhesive wear, micro-breakout, peeling and diffusion wear.
The formation of notch wear in high-speed cutting of GH4169 with ceramic tool
was studied. It was proved that the location of notch wear was out o