代词itonethat用法[共4页].doc

代词one,it,that 的用法区别
, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：
①I'm looking for a flat. I'd really like one with a garden.
②-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom.
③The population of China is larger than that of any other country.
，只替代单数可数名词，复数用 ones. One是泛指，但有限定修
饰语，如 the, this, that⋯ 修饰就变成了特指。如：
①One must do one's duty. ②Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one.
③The new designs are much better than the old ones.
只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指
的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。
如： The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that 代替的是另一个图书
馆。 )
4．One 和 that 在代替可数名词时， 如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时， the one
和 that 可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用 the one,而不能用 that。例如： ①I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the
边。
②I prefer the large box to the small one.(one不可用 that 替换)。
5．That 的复数形式 those 代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰
语。如：
①Today's cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past.
②The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best
brains.
one(ones)或 that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词 which 在 that 之后，which 不能省略， 而在 the one、ones 之后 ,which 可省略。 如：
①Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago.
，应该用 that。如： The equipment is different from that.
8..it 代替上文所提到的名词时， 是指同类事物中的同一样东西， 即同类事物。 如：
I have lost my pen. I'm looking for it.
和 that