薄壁容器的应力分析.ppt

第四章 压力容器设计
CHAPTER 4
Design of Pressure Vessel
Mechanical Design of Process Equipment
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Mechanical Design of Process Equipment
Our topic covers those aspects of the mechanical design of chemical plant that are of particular interest to chemical engineers. The main topic considered is the design of pressure vessels. The design of storage tanks，centrifuges and heat-exchanger tube sheets are also discussed briefly.
The chemical engineer will not usually be called on to undertake the detailed mechanical design of a pressure vessel. Vessel design is a speciafised subject，and will be carried out by mechanical engineers who are conversant with the current design codes and practices，and methods of stress analysis. However，the chemical engineer will be responsible for developing and specifying the basic design information for a particular vessel，and needs to have a general appreciation of pressure vessel design to work effectively with the specialist designer.
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The basic data needed
The basic data needed by the specialist designer will be：
function.
materials and services.
and design temperature and pressure.
of construction.
5. Vessel dimensions and orientation.
6. Type of vessel heads to be used.
7. Openings and connections required.
8. Specification of heating and cooling jackets or coils.
9. Type of agitator.
10. Specification of internal fittings.
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Them is no strict definition of what constitutes a pressure vessel，but it is generally accepted that any closed vessel over 150 mm diameter subject to a pressure difference of more than 1 bar should be designed as a pressure vessel.
It is not possible to give a completely comprehensive account of vessel design in one chapter. The design methods and data given should be sufficient for the preliminary design of conventional vessels. Sufficient for the chemical engineer to check the feasibility of a proposed equipment design；to estimate the vessel cost for an econo