何凯文考研英语阅读理解解题思路.doc

何凯文考研英语阅读理解解题思路
把握命题命脉，直击选项本质
何凯文
“考研场上我们经常会遇到这样的情况，通过回文章定位，根据对原文的理解我们能很快的排除两个选项，而剩下的两个选项会把我们折磨的死去活来。也就正是这种选项间微小区分度构成了考研英语的特色。每每在甄别选项的时候，我们总会觉得这两个选项都对，并且会觉得自己的答案比给出的正确答案更为合理。而考研英语作为全国人才选拔性的考试，并且会向社会公布标准答案的考试，在答案的设置上一定是合理且正确的，并且这种答案的设置是有一定逻辑线索的。否则，这种人才的遴选是没有意义的。而这种线索就是我们在标题中提到的命题命脉，这种命脉就会体现在选项之上。本文正是要带领考研战士们去探求这种命题命脉在选项上的体现。首先来看几道例题：
2009年考研阅读第四篇文章第一题
The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. Acco
rding to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.
1. The author holds that in the seventeenth-century New England  ____.
［A］Puritan tradition dominated political life.
［B］intellectual interests were encouraged.
［C］Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.
［D］intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.
根据题干中的seventeenth century 和New
有B就不可能有D。在这种情况下我们就很容易得出一个结论：当一个选项是以另一个选项为前提的时候，只能选后一个选项。也就是你必须首先承认的那个选项。用公式来讲就是：因为A所以B，选A 不选B。
因为受到了鼓励，所以环境很宽松。所以选择受到鼓励。
但是这个公式有一个重要的前提就是：两个选项都必须有原文的依据。
这就是我们考试出题人的命题思路，他希望找出的最直接的，对原文的解释最根本的选项。而我们在排除选项的时候就可以用上面的公式来做出选择。
再看一个例子：
2009年考研阅读第三篇第四题
What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promo
tes the development of education even when governments don’t force it. After all, that’s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.
34. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that edu