分类号: 密级:不保密 UDC:677 学校代码:11065 硕士学位论文 活性染料冷轧堆染色的棉针织物折皱回复性和光泽研究 刘情保 指 导 教 师 房宽峻 教授 学科专业名称 纺织化学与染整工程 论文答辩日期 2017 年 5 月 31 日 摘要 利用活性染料对纯棉针织物进行冷轧堆染色,在实现染色的同时提高了棉针织 物的折皱回复性和光泽,对缩短生产流程,降低能耗、水耗,节约生产成本,提高 棉针织物的应用面,增加产品的附加值具有非常重要的意义。本研究选用五种活性 染料(包括活性红 198、活性黄 176、活性蓝 171、活性黑 5、活性蓝 19)与固色 碱配置染液,并在染液中添加一定量的耐碱性交联剂 PFA,对纯棉针织物进行冷轧 堆染色。研究了碱的用量、堆置时间、堆置温度、染料的种类及用量对染色效果、 织物折皱回复性和光泽的影响。利用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和 X-射 线衍射仪(XRD)表征了纤维染色前后形态及结晶度的变化,进而探讨了在冷轧堆 染色过程中棉纤维与染料的结合机理。 研究结果表明,经过双活性基活性染料染色处理的棉针织物,其纤维截面由扁 平的带状结构变为圆柱形,织物折皱回复性有较大提高,同时织物的光泽也有较好 的改善。织物的折皱回复角随染料浓度的增加不断增大,这可能是由于染料与棉纤 维间的交联结构增多导致的。研究还发现,染料活性基的活性以及活性基之间的距 离对棉织物折皱回复性和光泽有较大的影响,在研究范围内,其中活性基越活泼、 活性基之间距离越大棉织物折皱回复性和光泽越好。在此基础上,经 PFA 处理的 棉针织物在抗皱性能和光泽方面有非常显著的提升。 关键词:纯棉针织物;冷轧堆染色;双活性基;折皱回复性 Abstract Cold pad-batch dyeing of the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes was carried out, and the wrinkle recovery and luster of cotton knitted fabric were enhanced simultaneously. It has a very significance in shortening the production process, reducing energy consumption and water consumption, saving production cost, improving the application of cotton knitted fabric, increasing the added value of products. In this study, five kinds of reactive dyes (including Reactive Red 198, Reactive Yellow 176, Reactive Blue 171, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Blue 19) were used to prepare the dye solution with solid base, and added a certain amount of alkaline cross-linking agent PFA, then cold pad batch dyeing of cotton knitted fabric was carried out. The effects of the dyeing effect, wrinkle recovery and luster of the fabric were studied, including alkali dosage, stacking time, stacking temperature, type and amount of dyes. The morphologies and crystall