动车组胶泥缓冲器特性的研究.pdf

西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文第1页摘要随着高速列车的开行,列车的运行速度和牵引总重也在不断提高,这将会使列车的纵向冲动增大。如果纵向冲动太大,可能造成车辆零部件使用寿命的缩短,甚至造成断钩和脱轨等恶性事故。因此,为了提高旅客的乘坐安全性和舒适性,对车钩缓冲装置的研究也越来越受到重视。弹性胶泥缓冲器同普通缓冲器性能比较而言,有容量大、体积小、阻抗力小、质量轻、检修周期长等优点,同时它还兼有液压和橡胶缓冲器的优点,并且克服了液压缓冲器制造复杂、密封困难和橡胶缓冲器吸收率低等缺点。考虑到弹性胶泥缓冲器的以上优点,而我国高速动车组上还没有广泛应用此种缓冲器,因此有必要对弹性胶泥缓冲器进行研究,并对缓冲器在动车组编组工况下的特性进行分析研究。本文以弹性胶泥缓冲器为主要研究对象,重点分析了弹性胶泥缓冲器的结构特点、工作原理及其静态、动态特性。在此基础上,在MATU忸/SⅣrLJLINK 中建立列车纵向动力学仿真模型。运用此仿真模型,对缓冲器在不同工况下的动力学特性做了分析。最后在SIMPACK软件中建立动车组的模型,将仿真得出的胶泥缓冲器动态特性曲线输入动车组车钩缓冲器中,加入轨道不平顺,对其在紧急制动工况下进行模拟仿真,并对其纵向舒适度进行评价。计算结果表明,弹性胶泥缓冲器可以有效的降低动车组的纵向冲动,提高旅客的乘坐舒适性。关键词:纵向动力学;弹性胶泥缓冲器;动态特性:高速动车组西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文第1I页 Abstract. W油running oftheHigll-speed train,trainspeed and tractionweight isalsorising which will cause thelongitudinalimpulse is toogreat, thiswillresultinshortened lifeofvehicleparts,and even cause fatal accidents such as coupler broken ,in order toimprove passenger safety fort of theride,research on thebuffer hasdrawn more andmore attention. Compared withthenormal buffer,lay bufferhave advantages oflarge capacity,small size,small resistance force and long maintenance bined theadvantages ofhydraulic and rubber buffer,it e the ing ofthehydraulic buffer plex and sealing problems,and it improve ings ofthelowabsorption ount the advantages ofelasticday buffer,but thisbuffer has not applied to theEMU in our it isnecessary tostudy lay buffers,and analysis the characteristics intheconditions ofEMU grouping. Inthispaper,elastic daybuffer as themainobject ofresearch,analyzed the structure characteristics,the principle of work,static characteristics,dynamic characteristics ofthe lay on thisbasis,to create longitudinal dynamics model traininMATLAB/ this simulation model,the bufferdynamics indifferent conditions ,to create amodel of EMU inSIMPACK,put thedynamic characteristicsoftheclay buffer b-mi'veinto model input thetrack