企业管理管理学(第七版) 斯蒂芬P罗宾斯robbins_PP T09.ppt

9–2
L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Techniques for Assessing the Environment
List three different approaches to environmental scanning.
Explain petitor intelligence is and ways that managers can do it legally and ethically.
Describe how managers can improve the effectiveness of forecasting.
Explain the steps in the benchmarking process.
Techniques for Allocating Resources
List the four techniques for allocating resources.
Describe the different types of budgets.
Explain what a Gantt chart does.
9–3
L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (cont’d) Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Techniques for Allocating Resources (cont’d)
Explain a load chart.
Describe how a work analysis works.
Compute a breakeven point.
Describe how managers can use linear programming.
Contemporary Planning Techniques
Explain why flexibility is so important to today’s planning techniques.
Describe project management.
List the steps in the project planning process.
Discuss why scenario planning has e an important planning tool for managers.
9–4
Assessing the Environment
Environmental Scanning
The screening of large amounts of information to anticipate and interpret change in the environment.
Competitor Intelligence
The process of gathering information petitors—who they are?; what are they doing?
Is not spying but rather careful attention to readily accessible information from employees, customers, suppliers, the , petitors themselves.
May involved reverse engineering peting products to discover technical innovations.
9–5
Assessing the Environment (cont’d)
Environmental Scanning (cont’d)
Global Scanning
Screening a broad scope of information on global forces that might affect anization.
Has value to firms with significant global interests.
Draws information from sources that provide global perspectives on world-wide issues and opportunities.
9–6
Assessing the Environment (cont’d)
Forecasting
The pa