浅谈中药丸剂的制备工艺.docx

浅谈中药丸剂的制备工艺
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of king water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
1．水丸
水丸一般采用蒸馏水、离子交换水或冷开水作赋形剂 , ,自来水不可用;根据处方要求有的用酒、醋、药汁作赋形剂。水丸用泛制法制备 ,大量生产多用泛丸锅 (即包衣锅 ) ,小量制备可用特制的竹匾手工操作。水丸大生产只能用泛制法 ,但工艺繁琐 ,周期长 ,占地面积大 ,崩解及卫生标准难控制等 ,而用机器塑制法制备则可克服上述缺点[3]。制备水丸需根据处方中的药物性质 ,如处方中富含粘性成分的药物较多时 ,可采用温水和坨;若处方中的药物粘性较差 ,加热水也不足以激发其粘性时 ,可适量加一些淀粉浆或糊精浆作为粘合剂 ,淀粉和糊精的用量以能改善药料粘性但不影响药丸溶散为宜 ,一般用 10% 的量 ,即可达到目的 ,药料的硬度一般应以成坨而不松散为宜[4]。对中药水泡丸剂型 ,陈斌等利用正交试验法对滋肾降糖灵制剂进行提取工艺、成丸工艺优选 ,结果表明: 水提工艺的最佳选择是加水 6倍 ,提取 3次 ,每次提取 1h,煎煮前用冷水浸泡 0. 5h;成丸工艺的最优水平是骨架材料为乙基纤维素 ,填充剂是山药和生地黄 ,干膏与填充剂比为 1：1,崩解剂为微晶纤维素
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
of rural drinking water sources, protection of drinking water sources in rural areas by the end of the delimitation of the scope of protection, complete with warning signs, isolating network protection facilities
[5]。
2．蜜丸
蜜丸指将药物细粉以炼制过的蜂蜜为黏合剂制成的丸剂。分大蜜丸、小蜜丸、水蜜丸。蜜丸用泛制法和塑制法制备 ,塑制法制备蜜丸 ,制丸块(和坨 )是工艺关键 ,大量生产多用捏和机和药 ,机器制丸机制丸;小量制备在盆内和药 ,螺旋式出条机及轧丸机 ,或搓丸板等手工制备。用塑制法制蜜丸时炼蜜应趁热加入药粉中 ,混合均匀 ,但处方中含有树脂类、胶类以及具挥发性药物时应 60℃左右加入。制备蜜丸可以通过调整用蜜量或用水量、炼蜜的程度及和坨时的蜜温和水温调整药材的粘性和硬度。制蜜丸时用蜜量一般是药粉的 0. 8～ 0. 9倍[6]。何群等用正交试验法探讨了降脂丸制备工艺中蜜与药粉比例、炼蜜程度、和坨温度三因素对丸型成型质量的影响 ,结果表明 ,老