尺码尺寸.doc

尺码尺寸
This gene can be found on Chromosome 1 at location 22,235,157-22,292,024. Transcription The DNA sequence contains 6 exons and the transcript length is 1,512 bps translated to a 191 residues protein. Alternative splicing of this gene results in three transcript variants that encode two isoforms. The transcript variants 1 and 3 encode the same isoform 1. The variant 3 has an additional exon in the 5' pared to variant 1. The variant 2 encodes isoform 2 and differs from variant 1 at the 3' region including a small part of the coding region and the entire 3' UTR.
Protein Description CDC42 encodes a kDa, 191 amino acids small GTPase protein that belongs to the Rho family of Ras GTPases superfamily. There are two isoforms produced by alternative splicing from a single gene. The isoform 1, also known as placental isoform, Cdc42p, Cdc42Hs or Cdc42a (Shinjo et al., 1990) has the same amino acid length than isoform 2 but differs from the isoform 2 as follows: 163 R (isoform 2) --> K (isoform 1) and at the C terminus in ten amino acids: 182-191 IF (isoform 2) --> PKKSRRCVLL (isoform 1). The isoform 2, also known as brain isoform, Cdc42b or G25K (Munemitsu et al., 1990), has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. The contribution of CDC42 to cancer progression seems to be tissue specific due to it has been found to have pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic properties depending on cellular context. CDC42 activity regulation: CDC42 switches between an active GTP-bound state and inactive GDP-bound state. This cycle is regulated by its intrinsic GTPase activity and its interaction with three protein families: guanine exchange factors (GEFs), guanine dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) (Bishop and Hall, 2000). Due to the exchange of GDP to GTP by CDC42 itself occurs very slowly, GEFs promote such exchange from GDP- to GTP-bound state. GAPs increase the GTP hydrolysis activity. Furthermore, CDC42 is able to interact with membranes via post-t