英语语法复习专题：介词、连接词.doc

语法系列复****专题——介词、连接词
介词
学****介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外,还须注意一些特殊用法,固定搭配等。
一、表示时间介词注意点:
+一段时间=in+一段时间¢s time(与将来时连用)
我们三天后碰头。
如:We¢ll meet
in three days
in three days¢ time
within+一段时间(用于各种时态)
如:You must finish reading the book within a 。
Christmas Day在圣诞节;at Christmas在圣诞节的几天中
to now=until now, from morning till night, for the time being暂时,
at times有时,day by day一天天地,in no time立刻。
,不能引导从句。
二、注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义
in the mud在泥中,beyond hope绝望, in freezing在严寒天气中,in danger在危
险中,in trouble在困境中,in public在公共场合中,under construction在建设
中,on business出差,in the same boat处境一样,on sale在出售
三、表示方式、手段、工具等介词(by,with,on,in)
: The blind men thought they could learn what the elephant looked like by
touching it./ make a living by teaching/ by hand手工地,靠手工地,by letter,
by post, by electricity, learn sth. by heart, struck by the beauty因美丽
而着迷 He was paid by the hour/ the day/ month/…他按时/日/月/…被付给工钱。
by plane/ train/ ship/ air/ water/ sea/…, by means of用…手段,方式;by
way of经由,取道于… learn English by/ over/ through/ on the radio
: live on food, kneel on one¢s knees, lie/ sleep on one¢s back / side / face
仰/侧/俯卧(睡)
: in English, in ink, in silence, in one voice异口同声地,in a hurry匆忙
地,in surprise惊讶地
: write with a pen, work with one¢s hands, smell with one¢s nose, beat the
horse with a whip(鞭子)
四、相近介词(短语)辨析
1. on“关于”,学术性强:a lecture puter
about“关于”,知识性或随便谈论:a discussion about the plan
2. e/walk/run后只能用into, put/sit down/throw/jump/fall后可用in/into
3. over在…正上方,under在…正下方
above在…上面(不一定垂直上方),below在…下面
4. in an hour一小时后,用于将来时
after an hour一小时后,用于过去时
5. beside在…旁边
besides除…之外(还有)
except除…之外
except for除(非同类事物)之外
6. on/in the street
at 50 Dongfeng Road 在东风路50号
7. a hole in the wall
a picture on the wall
a piece of news in the newspaper
the words in the envelop
the monkey in the tree
the apples on the tree(树上的苹果。表示长在树“上”的果实要用介词“on”)
8. the tallest boy of(in) the class/school/…(