（南非）[库切]内陆深处2007.pdf

数字逻辑
Digital Logic
青岛理工大学
广义双语教学课程
课程网站:
1
盛建伦 ******@qtech.
半导体存储器和可编程逻辑器件
第7章
Memory and Programmable logic device
Flash memory is a non-puter storage technology that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
Flash memory costs far less than byte-programmable EEPROM and therefore has e the dominant technology wherever a significant amount of non-volatile, solid state storage is needed.
(1)
2
盛建伦 ******@qtech.
半导体存储器概述
1、从存/取功能分
①只读存储器( ROM,Read-Only-Memory )
②随机读/写存储器( RAM,Random-Access-Memory )
2、从工艺分
①双极型( Bipolar Transistor )
② MOS型( Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor )
能存储大量二值信息的器件
★单元数庞大
★输入/输出引脚数目有限
3
盛建伦 ******@qtech.
随机(读写)存储器Random Access Memory (RAM)
只读存储器Read Only Memory (ROM)
PROM 可编程序只读存储器
掩膜ROM
EPROM 可擦除的可编程序只读存储器
E2PROM 电可擦除的可编程序只读存储器
Flash Memory 快闪存储器(电可擦除)
双极型
MOS型
SRAM
Static RAM
DRAM
SRAM
Dynamic RAM
半导体存储器IC
半导体RAM在断电后数据会丢失,属于易失性(Volatile)存储器
只读存储器属于非易失性存储器。
4
盛建伦 ******@qtech.
存储器芯片内部:
地 Y0
A1 址 Y1
译 Y2
A0 码 Y3
器
存储单元00
存储单元01
存储单元10
存储单元11
A0
A1
地址线条数K,可寻址2K单元
半导体存储器芯片 Memory Chip
A memory unit is a collection of storage cells together with associated circuits needed to transfer information in and out of storage. The memory stores binary information in groups of bits called words.
存储单元增加,地址线条数也迅速增加,地址译码器变复杂
Each word in memory is assigned an identification number, called an address, starting from 0 and continuing with 1,2,3, up to 2k-1 where k is the number of address lines.
行地址译码
列地址译码
A0
A1
A3
A2
读写控制
I/O
Row Address
Column Address
4×4 存储矩阵
11
10
01
00
11
10
01
00
三态输出
半导体RAM芯片内部
The selection of a specific word inside the memory is done by applying the k-bit binary address to the address lines. A decoder inside the memory accepts this address and opens the path needed to select the bits of the specified word.
Chip Select
半导体存储器的一般结构形式
输入/出电路
I/O
输入/出
控制
A word in memory is an entity of bits that move in and out of storage as a unit.