增词翻译法.ppt

增词
汉、英两种语言在词法和句法结构方面存在着极大差别例如，英语中有词形的变化，汉语中没有；英语中大量使用连词、介词、关系代词等，而汉语中各成分往往通过内在关系贯穿在一起，不一定或很少使用连词和介词。所以，要通顺正确地译出原文的含义，逐词翻译是不可能的。进行翻译时，译文中必然有所增减。
.
1
Example
“Histories makes men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.”
读史使人明智； 读诗使人灵秀；数学使人周密；科学使人深刻；伦理使人庄重；逻辑与修辞使人善变。
“班门弄斧”
This is like showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter.
.
2
1．根据语言特色结构需要增词
A. 英译中时，增加原文语义上有而形式上无的成分，原文省略的成分，表时态的词，名词复数的词，连词等。
(1) With great progress in this field he remained modest and diligent.
在这个领域他虽然取得了很大进步，但还是谦虚谨慎，勤勤恳恳。
(3) “I’ll make a man of him,” said Jack. “College is the place.”
“我要把他培养成一个堂堂的男子汉,”杰克说, “大学就是一个理想的地方”。
(4) So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning.
所以说，教学使我的工作有了节奏，生活变得丰富多彩，教学给我提出了挑战，使我有了不断学****的机会。
(5) Which do you like better, dictation or translation exercises?
你喜欢听写练****还是翻译练****br/>(6) He never drinks before driving.
他开车前从不喝酒。
.
3
(7) I had thought it was an coincident, but it seems it is a trap on purpose.
我原以为是一种巧合,但现在看来是故意设下的一个陷阱。
(8) Censorship has been in force since early in World War II.
审查制度从第二次世界大战初期一直实行到现在。
(9) There lay one of the chief difficulties.
这就是当时的主要困难之一。
(10) He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.
他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议.
(11) After the football match, he’s got an important meeting.
在观看足球比赛之后,他有一个重要的会议去参加。
(12) A gas exerts the same pressure in a mixture of gases as it would exert if it were in the container alone.
在混合的几种气体中,每一种气体所具有的压力都与它单独在容器中的压力一样。
(13) They won victories in the past two years.
在过去的两年里,他们取得了一次又一次的胜利。
.
4
(14) The middle-aged teacher carried on teaching work in spite of the diseases.
尽管那位中年教师身患种种疾病，他仍然坚持进行教学工作。
(15) Bodies of dead Japanese devils lying all around.
他周围躺着全是日本鬼子的尸体。
(16) She finally fell ill after many continuous days of hard work.
在数日的艰苦工作之后,她终于累病了。
(17) Demand will be higher for individuals in modern society.