论荀子的儒学思想.doc

洛阳理工学院
毕业设计(论文)
题目论荀子“礼法相序”的儒学思想
论荀子“礼法相序”的儒学思想
中文系李晔
指导教师赵棚鸽
摘要
荀子是一位儒学大师,他所提倡的“性恶论”与孟子所崇尚的“性善论”针锋相对,从而提出了应依循礼乐教化来达到“善美相乐”境界的“礼乐思想”。于是,围绕着荀子的儒学思想,有一连串的问题引起了人们的广泛争议:荀子所代表的到底是不是继承孔子“仁”学思想的儒学正统;面对同样纷乱复杂的社会环境,他和孟子的观点到底哪个更符合社会与时代的需要和潮流?其实,客观地说,无论是先秦时期韩非所提倡的“严苛峻法”的法家思想,还是庄子所追求的“任性放达”的道家思想,甚至是周公为平定混乱的社会环境而制礼作乐,从而流传下来的的礼乐文化,其实都为荀子儒学的发展形成提供了充沛的思想养分,而先秦的哲学思想本身也存在着一种相互依存的思维联系。再进一步说,先秦诸子百家对中国传统文化的继承和发扬,都是在“春秋无义,战国争雄”的社会大环境发酵出来的带有“治乱”性质的社会思想。
荀子的儒学思想是对传统儒家思想的一种创新式的变革,但二者在思想内涵方面却有着高度的重叠与一致。正是在这种“德治”与“礼节”的交相辉映,王道与霸道的冰火两重之中,儒家学说发展被拔升到前所未有的高度,也正是这样才会出现后来汉朝董仲舒所主张的“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”历史篇章。
荀子对儒家思想作出极大发展,在人性问题上,提倡性恶论,主张人性有恶,否认天赋的道德观念,强调后天环境和教育对人的影响。其学说常被后人拿来跟孟子的“性善论”比较,并对儒学的发展产生了极为深远的历史影响,此外,荀子对重新整理儒家典籍也有相当显著的贡献,欧阳修,苏轼等宋儒“尊道德而薄文辞”,就可以追根溯源到战国的荀子时期。
关键词:荀子;儒学思想;美善相乐;礼乐教化
The Dissertation Of the ceremonial and Regulations
by Xuncius Of Confucianism
ABSTRACT
Xuncius who was a master of Confucianism, Mencius and Xuncius advocated Confucianism advocates "theory of original goodness of human nature" tit for tat, he put forward the adherence to the music education to achieve "good and beautiful music" realm "theory of evil human nature".Then, around Xuncius's Confucianism, there are a series of problems causing controversy: Xuncius represents what is the core idea of "benevolence" Confucius does not inherit the Confucian orthodoxy; facing the plicated social environment, he and Mencius view which is more in line with the needs and trends of society and times; he and Han Fei advocated legalism, Taoism and Chuang-tzu's pursuit, even the Duke to pacify the troubled times and ritual music, which handed down the music culture ".
Xuncius’s Confucianism thought is a kind of innovation of the traditional Confucian thought, but the two have a high degree of overlap and consistent in the ideological content. Is in the "rule of virtue" and "etiquette" add radiance and beauty to each other, the kingship and hegemony of the glacial fire double, Confucianism is pulled up to an unprecedented heigh