《论语》人学思想研究-中国哲学专业毕业论文.docx

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《论语》人学思想的产生有着深刻的社会背景,包括经济、政治、社会转型、文
化等方方面面,同时也有着丰厚的理论渊源即《周易》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《礼记》、《春秋》,这些中国典籍中的人学理念对孔子产生了深刻的思想启示和理论影响。《论语》中蕴含丰富的人学思想,其内容主要包括人性、人的生存、人的发展思想等。孔子在人性思想中,强调人性先天的平等性;认为人性先天无善无恶;主张人性后天的差异性。在人的生存思想中,注重人自身的完善;强调人际关系的维护;提倡自然环境的保护。在人的发展思想中,注重人的全面发展;倡导人的德育教育;同时注重人的培养方法。《论语》人学思想的主要特点是人本性、政治性、伦理性、实践性。而其内容的逻辑联系是以人性思想作为其逻辑起点,以积极入世的人的生存思想为其中介,以成就君子人格为人的发展的目标,走向促使人全面、和谐发展的逻辑终点,从而构成《论语》人学思想总体的逻辑进路。
古为今用,洋为中用。虽然《论语》受当时社会条件的制约,表现出一定的历史局限性,但其中丰富的人学思想对于构建社会主义和谐社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦等仍有着深刻的思想启迪和借鉴意义。
关键词:人学 《论语》人学思想 孔子
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ABSTRACT
The production of the Confucius’ humanism investigation has profound social background. It includes economic, political, cultural, social transition and other aspects. The production of the Confucius’ humanism investigation also has rich theoretical origins, like the book of Changes, the Collection of Ancient Texts, the book of Songs, the Rites, the Spring and Autumn Annals, etc. The human thought of those classical books was significance, it has deep ideological inspiration and theoretical impact. The Analects contains a wealth of humanism. Mainly include the ideas of human nature, human existence, human development and others. About the ideas of human nature, Confucius stressed the inherent equality of human nature; Advocating the innate humanity neither good nor evil; Advocating that the nurture cause human differences. About the ideas of human existence, Confucius focused on Self-improvement; Emphasizing interpersonal maintenance; Advocating for the protection of the natural environment. About the ideas of human development, Confucius focused on making people prehensive development; Advocating moral education; while focusing on the method of training people. The Analects has the main features of the humanism. It includes people-oriented, political, ethical, and practical feature. Confucius’ humanism has inherent logic links, it took the ideas of human nature as the logical starting; It took the ideas of human existence as the logical intermediar