北京话的轻声及其韵律变量的语法功能.doc

北京话的轻声及其韵律变量的语法功能
冯胜利
【专题名称】语言文字学
【专题号】H1
【复印期号】2013年04期
【原文出处】《语言科学》(徐州)2012年6期第586~595页
【英文标题】The Prosodic Variation and Grammatical Function of Neutral Tone in Mandarin Chinese
【作者简介】冯胜利,美国宾夕法尼亚大学语言学博士,香港中文大学中国语言及文学系教授,北京语言大学和北京师范大学特聘教授,主要研究韵律句法学、训诂学、历史句法学和对外汉语教学,出版专著有The Prosodic Syntax of Chinese、《汉语韵律句法学》、《汉语韵律语法研究》和《汉语书面用语初编》,并发表论文数十篇(北京 100083)。
【内容提要】
文章讨论北京话的轻声与其韵律变量的语法功能,认为北京话的轻声是一种现行语音变化的现象,其轻化度的表现不一。这种轻度不同的表现,是该语言多重层面和多种因素(如韵素、音节与声调,韵律与形态,构词与语法、词汇意义与功能意义)之间相互作用的结果。文章认为,从韵律语法的角度看轻声,可以加深我们对北京话轻声语法功能的理解和认识。
This paper discusses neutralization of tones with respect to their grammatical functions in Beijing Dialect. It is argued that neutralization in Beijing dialect is an on-going change and there are different degrees of neutralizations caused by interactions between the ponents of the grammar. Factors involved in such processes include mora, syllable, morphological prosody, lexical semantics, functional category among others. The argument made here claims that the prosodic grammar discussed in this paper offers a new perspective and a deeper understanding of the origin and process of neutralizations not only in phonology and prosody, but also in morphology and syntax.
【关键词】轻声/韵律变量/韵素功能词/音节词汇词neutralization/prosodic variable/moraic functional-words/syllabic lexical-word