动词不定式的用法总结.docx

动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式由:“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“nottodo”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式具有名词特征,可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。: ,往往放在谓语动词后,用it作形式主语。Toseeistobelieve. Itispossibletoliveanindependentandfulfillinglife.(P4) ,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。常见的带不定式作宾语的动词,begin,continue,hope,decide,want,wish,try,learn,afford,agree,manage,refuse等等。 Hewantedtogo. IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish. Ihavelearnedtoadapttomydisability. (ask,tell,order,cause,allow,want,like,advise,force,permit,get等)Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim. 注意:在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to,但是这些句子如果变成被动结构,就必须带to。 Ioftenhearhimsingthesong. Heisoftenheardtosingthesong. Sheaskedmetogoout. 。 Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat. Heislookingforaroomtolivein. Thefamilyvillagewebsitegivesordinaryyoungpeoplewithadisabilitythe chancetotelltheirpersonalstories. ,原因,结果或条件。①目的状语可用:inorderto,soasto Icameheretoseeyou. positionsoastoavoidmistakes. Nextyearhewillbetrainedtobeateacher. ②结果状语可用:enoughto,so…asto,too…to,onlyto… Heliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet. SomedaysIwastootiredtogetoutofbed. ③原因状语可用:sb.+adj.+todo Iamgladtohelpyou. Shewasproudtohaverecentlyrepresentedhercountry. ④条件状语 Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim. Myjobistohelppatients. eanactor. Totellthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou. 常见的词还有:tobefrank(坦白地说),tobeexact,tobeginwith(首先)。 ,which,when,where,how,what,等连用在句中起名词作用,可充当主语,宾语和表语等 Hedidn’tknowwhattosay. Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant. Sotheydon’tknowhowtomakemewell. 1)在使役动词feel,hear,listento,make,let,have,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe后不定式作宾补时省略to。 2)在wouldrather…than,ratherthan等结构的than之后用不带to的不定式。Iwouldrathergothanstay. Heinsistedongoingbacktohisworkratherthanstayinhospital. 3)在以why引导的疑问句中不带to。 Whynotdoitrightnow? 4)不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to。Shecoulddonothingbutcry. eptthefact. 5)不定式作表语时,在下列情况下可省略to: ①当