ponentsareintendedtobeconnectedtogether,usuallybysolderingtoaprintedcircuitboard,ircuitwithaparticularfunction(forexampleanamplifier,radioreceiver,oroscillator).-(frompositivetonegative)andnotintheotherdirection. Mostdiodesaresimilarinappearancetoaresistorandwillhaveapaintedlineononeendshowingthedirectionorflow(whitesideisnegative).Ifthenegativesideisonthenegativeendofthecircuit,,,NPNandPNP,. )),likediodesandrelays,areanotheroftheelectronicpartsthatshouldhaveasectionintheinstaller',whetheritbefordoorlocks,timingcircuits,remotestarts,LED's,"resist"(measuredinohms),butchargesanddischargesmuchmoreefficiently(batteries,though,canstoremuchmorecharge).apacitorismadeupoftwoconductorsseparatedbyaninsulator,-statesemiconductordevicewithfourlayersofalternatingNandP-,conductingwhentheirgatereceivesacurrentpulse,andcontinuetoconductforaslongastheyareforwardbiased(thatis,aslongasthevoltageacrossthedevicehasnotreversed).-emittingDiodeAlight-emittingdiode(LED)(switchedon
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