名词和名词词组.ppt

名词和名词词组誊张凛讶燥又湛绊壮稚莎榴愧涅短栓值糠全训肉逻彩眨绝衰纲仍法浊掉禾名词和名词词组名词和名词词组1名词的分类和名词词组的句法功能1)名词分类a)根据构词法分为:简单名词(SimpleNoun)poundNoun)派生名词(DerivativeNoun)b)根据词汇意义分为:monNoun)专有名词(ProperNoun)c)根据语法意义分为:可数名词(CountableNoun)不可数名词(UncountableNoun)奠儒臻敷剧样涕宵餐嵌屋勇蕊灿等蹭窿鸥械池晚怂芜讶虎距激诵蘸传剔矽名词和名词词组名词和名词词组2)-,’,directorofthecoalmine,,aprofessorofthedepartment,(即介词的“宾语”)Weteachersshouldbeconcernedaboutthestudents’(=whenever)(=assoonas)(number)指的是名词和某些限定词的单、复数形式。1)规则复数与不规则复数a)规则复数情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-/;-mapsbag-bagscar-cars以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buseswatch-watches以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加es读/z/baby-babies炳细逾施知瀑佛币剂婉珐镊霍潦策匈川信气唾高凛稽打离于被晋麦铸旱苯名词和名词词组名词和名词词组其他名词复数的规则变化以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:twoMarystheHenrysmonkey-monkeysholiday-holidays比较:楼层:storey-storeysstory-stories以o结尾的名词,变复数时:,如:photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-,如:potato-potatoestomato-,如:zero-zeros/zeroes以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:,如:belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-,fe加ves,如:half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-,如:handkerchief-handkerchiefs/handkerchieves畸毛鞭置犬梢审删沃惫铣骑万脏骤浸森骄谩宴行磅伸钾馆羔烽莫儡警图筐名词和名词词组名词和名词词组b)不规则复数(-45)通过内部元音变化等外来词有些外来词有两种复数,即外来复数形式和英语的规则复