高级英语第一册修辞格汇总.doc

(1)simile明喻它根据人们的联想,利用不同事物之间的相似点,借助比喻词(如like,as等)起连接作用,清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物Iwanderedlonelyasacloud.(:TheDaffodils)我像一朵浮云独自漫游。。。①“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“CanIhavetheseoldquilts?”②Hairisalloverhisheadafootlongandhangingfromhischinlikeakinkymuletail.③Myskinislikeanuncooked(未煮过的)barleypancake.④Theoratorial(雄辩的)stormthatClarenceDarrowandDudleyFieldMaloneblewupinthelittlecourtinDaytonsweptlikeafreshwindthoughtheschools…⑤Iseealsothedull(迟钝的),drilled(训练有素的),docile(易驯服的),brutish(粗野的)massesoftheHunsoldieryplodding(沉重缓慢地走)onlikeaswarm(群)ofcrawlinglocusts(蝗虫).(1)metaphor暗喻暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。Alltheworld’sastage,andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers演员.(WilliamShakespeare)整个世界是座舞台,男男女女,演员而已。Educationisnotthefillingofapail桶,butthelightingofafire.()教育不是注满一桶水,而是点燃一把火。①Itisavast(巨大的),sombre(忧郁的)cavern(洞穴)ofaroom,…②MarkTwain---MirrorofAmerica③mainartery(干线)oftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart④TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.⑤Hervoicewasawhiplash(鞭绳).⑥Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGod’shelp,wehaveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke(枷锁).(2)metonymy借代,转喻用一事物的名称来代替另一事物,当然这一事物与另一事物是有关联的。.(=writing).他以写作为生。Heistoofondofthebottle(=drinking).他太贪杯了。①TheWashingtonPost,inaneditorialcaptioned"KeepYourOldWebster's"②...hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxe(镐)(3).(hands指代人手,劳动力).(head指代整个人),inplaceof(代替)old-fashionedoakandhinges...'s(purse指代金钱)(4)personification拟人把物比喻***。在修辞学上,拟人法是指把非人的东西(如动物、植物、物体、抽象概念等)当作人来描写,并赋予它们以人的特性、外表及活动方式等。①Theyoungmoonliesonherback…②Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlit(阳光照射的)courtyard,perhapsbeforeamosque