高一英语语法定语从句归纳总结.doc

:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】(作用):﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。:﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。①直接由引导词引导定语从句Themanwhoyou'retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Themantowhomyou'.=,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。例如:Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。①直接由引导词引导定语从句。②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。Iliveinahousefarawayfromthecity,,.③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“ofwhich/whom+名词/代词”(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)引导。One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比较:Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比较:Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外,其余引导词都可以,用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。2/。:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。Theengineer,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)Theengineerwhoselegwasbadlyhurtwasquicklysenttohospital.(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院),任何引导词都不能省略(包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内)。指人做主语时只能用who,做宾语时用whom;指物做主语,宾语都用which;关系副词用when或where,也不能省略。Theman,______issittingonthechair,,_______Imetyesterday,,_______isfaraway,,,______Ileft,:Thehouse,whosewindowfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,thewind