阻燃PET%2f碳纳米管复合物的制备及结构性能的分析.pdf

北京服装学院硕士学位论文阻燃PET/碳纳米管复合物的制备及其结构性能研究摘要本文首先将经硝酸纯化、混酸氧化改性或机械球磨处理后的多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs) 分散在g_,--醇(EG)中,然后将对苯二甲酸(TPA)粉末加入上述分散液中进行酯化,并与反应型阻燃剂2一羧乙基苯基次磷酸7,--醇酯()通过原位(in situ)复合的方法得到一系列不同碳纳米管含量的聚酯/碳纳米管复合物。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、热重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪、极限氧指数仪和instron万能拉伸机研究了碳纳米管在复合材料中的分散形态以及复合材料的结晶性能、热性能、燃烧性能、力学性能等。研究结果表明: 磷系阻燃剂CEPPA上的羧基和次磷酸基均与乙二醇的羟基发生了酯化反应;对阻燃剂进行预处理可将其分解温度从188℃提高到262℃,有效防止了CEPPA在PET合成中的降解。采用机械球磨和混酸氧化处理后的MWNTs都能均匀地分散于阻燃PET基体中,后者分散性更佳;在MWNTs/EG分散液制备过程中加入TPA粉末可有效促进MWNTs在基体中的分散。纯化和机械球磨法处理的MWNTs提高了阻燃PET的结晶性能,而混酸氧化的 MWNTs则降低了复合材料的结晶性能。在阻燃PET中加入MWNTs有利于提高阻隔炭层的稳定性和致密性,且与含磷阻燃剂的协同阻燃作用,进一步提高了MWNTs/阻燃PET的阻燃性能;同样磷含量时,%%提高到38%。%N %的碳纳米管对复合材料的断裂强度和弹性模量有不同程度提高。关键词:反应型磷系阻燃剂;多壁碳纳米管;阻燃PET;原位复合纳米复合物北京服装学院2009硕士学位论文 FABlUCATION AND STUDY oN STRUCTURE AND PRoPERTIES oF PET/MWNTs PoSITES ABSTRACT Inthisstudy,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs)treated respectively by HNOs, HN03/I-12S04 mixture orball-milling were dispersed inglycol in aidofultrasonication,followed by adding terephthalate acid(TPA)powder tocarry out the thepresence of phosphorus—containing reactiveflameretardant(CEPPA-EG),the polycondensation was carried out toprepare/n situflame retardantpoly(erephthalate)(FRPET)/posites with differentMWNTs loadings. Fouriertransforminfrared(FTIR)spectroscopy Wasutilized toconfirm the esterification between the CEPPA position offlame retardant Waseffectively increased,demonstrated bythermogravimetrc analysis(TGA).The results ofscanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation indicated thatuniform dispersion oftheball-milled andoxidized MWNTs inFRPET urred,with TPA powders further benefitstheMWNTs’dispersion state. Differentialscanning calorimery(DSC)and wide angle X-raydiffraction(WAXD)results showed thatthecrystallizability anddegree ofcrystallization ofFRPET were enhanced by incorporation ofpurified andball-,the reversed resultswere obtained when us